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abbreviation

US //əˌbɹiviˈeɪʃən// UK //ɐbɹˌiːvɪˈeɪʃən// ab·bre·vi·a·tion
  1. 1 shortened word (n.)
    B1 Intermediate

    a short form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole thing.

    a shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole, often involving the omission of letters.

    Example

    The abbreviation 'USA' stands for the United States of America.

    Example

    The technical manual was dense with abbreviations that required a separate glossary for the junior engineers to navigate effectively.

    Usage

    Countable in this sense; often followed by the preposition 'for'.

    Pitfall
    The abbreviation for 'Doctor' is 'Dr'.
    The abbreviation for 'Doctor' is 'Dr.'

    In many styles of English, abbreviations ending in a lowercase letter require a period.

  2. 2 the act of shortening (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    the process of making a piece of writing or a name shorter.

    the act or process of abbreviating or shortening something, such as a text or a biological process.

    Example

    The abbreviation of the long report took several hours of editing.

    Example

    The editor suggested the abbreviation of the final chapter to ensure the book remained within the publisher's strict page limit.

    Usage

    Can be used uncountably to refer to the general process.

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  1. 3 musical notation (n.)
    C1 Advanced Technical Music

    a symbol in music that tells the player how to play a note or how loud to be.

    a notation in a musical score used to indicate a direction or to represent repeated notes to save space.

    Example

    The composer used the abbreviation 'mf' to show the music should be medium-loud.

    Example

    The score utilized various abbreviations, such as dashes through the stems of notes, to indicate rapid repetition without cluttering the staff.

    Usage

    Countable; refers specifically to standardized symbols like 'pp' or 'cresc.'

  2. 4 math/science reduction (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Technical Academic Science

    making a fraction or a biological process simpler or shorter.

    the reduction of a mathematical expression to lower terms or the evolutionary loss of ancestral stages in biology.

    Example

    The abbreviation of the fraction made the math problem much easier to solve.

    Example

    In evolutionary biology, abbreviation refers to the loss of the final stages of an ancestral pattern during a species' development.

    Usage

    Used primarily in academic or technical literature.

Origin

First attested 1400–50. From Middle English abbreviacioun, from Middle French abreviation, from Ecclesiastical Latin abbreviātiō, from Latin ab + breviō (“shorten”), from brevis (“short”). By surface analysis, abbreviate + -ion.

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