English Reference

Word

after

Phoneticsaf·ter, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈæftɝ/

UK/ˈɑːftɐ/

Definitions

01later in time

A1 · Beginner

prep. later than a specific time or event.

prep. subsequent to a specific point in time or a particular event.

“We went for a long walk in the park after lunch.”

“The company's stock price stabilized significantly after the quarterly earnings report was released to the public.”

Pitfall

I will see you after two hours.

I will see you in two hours.

Use 'in' to say how much time will pass from now. Use 'after' to say something happens later than a specific event.

Synonyms

followingsubsequent to

Antonyms

02following in order

A2 · Elementary

prep. behind someone or something in a line or list.

prep. following behind in a spatial sequence or lower in a hierarchy of importance.

“Your name comes after mine on the list of students.”

“In terms of global influence, the small nation is often ranked immediately after its much larger neighbors.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

beforeahead of

03chasing or seeking

B1 · Intermediate

prep. trying to find, catch, or get something.

prep. in pursuit of or seeking to obtain a person or object.

“The police ran down the street after the thief.”

“He spent most of his twenties chasing after fame, only to realize that he preferred a quiet life.”

Synonyms

04named for someone

B1 · Intermediate

prep. giving someone the same name as another person.

prep. in imitation of or as a tribute to a specific person or entity; used with the verb 'name'.

“I was named after my grandfather, who was a famous doctor.”

“The new research wing was named after the university's most generous benefactor.”

Usage

Usually follows the verb 'name' or 'call'.

05joining two events

A2 · Elementary

conj. used to say that one thing happened and then another thing happened.

conj. introduces a subordinate clause representing an event that precedes the main clause action.

“After we finished the project, we went out to celebrate.”

“After the committee had reviewed all the evidence, they decided to postpone the final vote until the following month.”

Antonyms

06later

A2 · Elementary

adv. at a later time than what was just mentioned.

adv. subsequently; at a later time in a sequence of events.

“They had a big fight but they were friends again soon after.”

“The initial results were promising, but the project was cancelled shortly after due to a lack of funding.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

07nautical/aircraft rear

C1 · Advanced Science Technical

adj. at or near the back of a ship or an airplane.

adj. located at or toward the stern of a vessel or the rear of an aircraft.

“The crew gathered in the after cabin to discuss the storm.”

“The engineers inspected the after section of the fuselage for signs of structural fatigue following the hard landing.”

Usage

Commonly used in maritime and aviation contexts to describe physical sections of a craft.

Antonyms

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Indo-European *-teros Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep(o)teros Proto-Germanic *after Old English æfter Middle English after English after From Middle English after, from Old English æfter, from Proto-West Germanic aftar, from Proto-Germanic after, aftiri, from Proto-Indo-European h₂epoteros (“further behind, further away”), from *h₂epo (“off, away”). Cognate with Scots efter (“after”), North Frisian efter (“after, behind”), West Frisian after, achter, efter (“behind; after”), Low German/Dutch achter (“behind”), German after- (“after-”), Swedish/Danish efter (“after”), Norwegian Nynorsk/Norwegian Bokmål etter (“after”), Icelandic eftir (“after”), aftur (“back, again”). The Irish usage to indicate recent completion of an activity is a calque of the Irish collocation Táim tar éis... (“I have just...”, literally “I am after...”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

PREPOSITION

after(A2)

Related words

Grammar

Domain

Nautical

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Very common
Level
A2 · ElementaryOxford
Updated

QR code

englishreference.com/q/after

English Reference