English Reference
adverb · adjective

ago

adv. · adj.
US /əˈɡoʊ/ UK /ɐɡˈəʊ/ ago

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    adv.in the past, counting back from the present time.

    adv.at a specified distance in the past from the moment of speaking. It functions as a postpositional adverb following a noun phrase of duration.

    Simple

    I finished my homework two hours ago and now I am watching TV.

    In context

    The company was founded over a century ago by a group of local merchants who saw a gap in the shipping market.

    Usage

    Always follows the time expression (e.g., 'ten minutes ago', not 'ago ten minutes').

    Pitfall
    I moved here since three years. I moved here three years ago.

    Use 'ago' to measure back from now to a specific point in the past. Use 'since' to mark the starting point of an action that continues until now.

    hencefrom now
  2. 02 C2 Proficiency ArchaicLiteraryDialect

    adj.gone or finished in the past.

    adj.denoting a time or state that has passed or departed. This use is largely restricted to fixed literary phrases or specific regional dialects.

    Simple

    In the days long ago, people traveled everywhere by horse.

    In context

    The old traditions are now long ago, replaced by the rapid pace of modern industrial life.

    Usage

    Usually appears as a post-positive adjective or as the variant 'agone'.

    pastgoneagone
Don't confuse

ago vs before — Ago counts back from the present moment, while before relates one past event to an even earlier time.

Usage ago another years · ago killed · ago making


Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ud-s-? Proto-Indo-European *h₂u-s-? Proto-Germanic *uz- Proto-West Germanic *uʀ- Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁-der. Proto-Germanic *gāną Proto-West Germanic *gān Proto-West Germanic *uʀgān Old English āgān Middle English agon English ago From Middle English ago, agon (“passed”), past participle of agon (“to depart, escape, pass”), from Old English āgān (“to go away, pass away, go forth, come to pass”), from Proto-Germanic uz- (“out”), gāną (“to go”), equivalent to a- + gone, and by surface analysis, a- + go. Cognate with German ergehen (“to come to pass, fare, go forth”). Compare also Old Saxon āgangan (“to go or pass by”), Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (usgaggan, “to go forth”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin gem-pro *uz-
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Very common
Updated