English Reference

Word

alphabet

Phoneticsal·pha·bet

US/ˈæɫfəˌbɛt/

UK/ˈælfəbˌɛt/

Definitions

01set of letters

A1

n. the complete set of letters used to write a language, usually in a fixed order.

n. the standard set of letters or symbols used in a writing system to represent the phonemes of a spoken language.

“Children usually learn to sing the alphabet before they start to read.”

“The Cyrillic alphabet was adapted from the Greek script to accommodate the specific phonetic requirements of Slavic languages.”

Usage

Usually used with the definite article 'the'.

Pitfall

He is learning his alphabets.

He is learning the alphabet.

In standard English, 'alphabet' is a singular noun for the whole set. Do not use the plural form to mean individual letters.

Synonyms

02an individual letter

B2

n. a single letter of the alphabet.

n. a single character or letter within an alphabetic system.

“The word 'apple' has five alphabets in it.”

“In certain regional dialects, it is common to hear speakers refer to the individual characters of a word as 'alphabets' rather than letters.”

Dialect

Usage

Common in Indian, Malaysian, and Singaporean English.

Teaching tip

In standard British or American English, this is considered a mistake; use 'letter' instead.

Synonyms

03basic elements

C2

n. the simplest or most basic parts of a subject.

n. the fundamental principles or rudiments of a particular branch of knowledge.

“Learning to listen is the alphabet of good communication.”

“The young diplomat spent his first year abroad mastering the complex political alphabet of the region.”

Literary

Usage

Often used in the phrase 'the alphabet of'.

Teaching tip

This is a figurative use; 'the ABCs of' is a more common informal equivalent.

04government agent

C1 · Politics

n. a person who works for a government agency like the FBI or CIA.

n. a member of a federal law enforcement or intelligence agency, often used by those who distrust the government.

“The protesters were worried that there were alphabets in the crowd.”

“Online forums often use the term 'alphabets' to refer to federal agents perceived to be monitoring private communications.”

Slang · American English

Usage

Often used as 'alphabet boys' or 'alphabets'.

Teaching tip

This term is frequently used in online subcultures and often carries a suspicious or hostile tone toward authority.

Synonyms

05to arrange in order

C2

v. to put things in the order of the alphabet.

v. to arrange or designate items in alphabetical order.

“The librarian began to alphabet the new collection of poems.”

“The clerk was instructed to alphabet the ledgers to ensure the records could be retrieved efficiently by the auditors.”

Archaic

Usage

The modern verb is 'alphabetize'.

Teaching tip

This verb form is very rare in modern English; students should use 'alphabetize' instead.

Synonyms

alphabetizeorderindex

Etymology

From Middle English alphabete, borrowed from Classical Latin alphabētum, from Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος (alphábētos), from ἄλφα (álpha) and βῆτα (bêta), the names of the first two letters of the Greek alphabet, Α (A) and Β (B), lowercase forms α and β. The Greek names derived from aleph, the name of the Phoenician letter 𐤀 (ʾ, “ox”) and beth, the name of the letter 𐤁 (b, “house”), so called because they were pictograms of those objects, having developed from the Egyptian hieroglyphs F1 (𓃾) and pr (𓉐). Doublet of alfabeto.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Related words

Domain

Politics

This entry

Level
A1 · Beginner
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

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English Reference