English Reference
noun

apology

n.
US /əˈpɑɫəˌdʒi/ UK /ɐpˈɒlədʒi/ apol·o·gy UK spelling apology's

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    a statement that you are sorry for hurting someone or making a mistake.

    an expression of remorse or regret for a perceived fault, injury, or insult.

    Simple

    He sent a sincere apology to his colleague after missing the deadline.

    In context

    The CEO issued a public apology to the shareholders, acknowledging that the company's recent communication had been misleading.

    Usage

    Commonly used with the verbs 'offer', 'make', 'issue', or 'accept'.

    Pitfall
    I made an apology for him. I offered an apology to him.

    You offer or make an apology 'to' a person, not 'for' them, unless you are apologizing on their behalf.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced FormalAcademic Religion

    a formal written or spoken defence of a belief or an idea.

    a formal justification or systematic defence of a religious doctrine, political theory, or philosophical position.

    Simple

    The philosopher wrote a famous apology for his controversial views on society.

    In context

    The text serves as a sophisticated apology for the movement's core tenets, addressing critics with rigorous logical arguments.

    Usage

    Often appears in the titles of historical or theological works.

  3. 03 C2 Proficiency LiteraryBritish English

    something that is a very poor or low-quality example of what it should be.

    a makeshift or inferior substitute for something; a poor representation of a particular category.

    Simple

    The thin soup was a poor apology for a proper meal.

    In context

    The drafty wooden shack was a miserable apology for a house, offering little protection against the winter gales.

    Teacher's tip

    Usually used in the phrase 'a poor apology for' or 'a miserable apology for' to show strong disappointment.

Coral lost the case and was ordered to issue a public apology.

The Guardian· 19 Aug 2026

My apologies to you, dear reader, if you’ve never spotted it, but if you hadn’t, I bet you will now.

The Guardian· 11 Jul 2026

From French apologie, from Late Latin apologia, from Ancient Greek ἀπολογία (apología, “a speech in defence”), from ἀπολογοῦμαι (apologoûmai, “I speak in my defense”), from ἀπόλογος (apólogos, “an account, story”), from ἀπό (apó, “from, off”) (see apo-) + λόγος (lógos, “speech”). Doublet of apologia. By surface analysis, apo- + -logy.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Ancient Greek ἀπολογία
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated