authorization
n.-
1 official permission (n.) B2 Upper Intermediate Formalthe official power or permission to do something.
the state of being formally granted permission or the act of conferring such power. Often uncountable in this sense.
ExampleYou cannot enter the restricted area without written authorization from the manager.
ExampleThe project cannot proceed to the implementation phase until we receive final authorization from the board of directors.
UsageOften followed by the preposition 'for' or an infinitive 'to'.
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2 a permit or document (n.) B2 Upper Intermediate Formala document that gives you the formal right to do something.
a physical or digital document that serves as a warrant or formal sanction for an action.
ExampleThe guard asked to see her travel authorization before letting her pass.
ExampleThe inspector requested a copy of the environmental authorization to ensure the facility was operating within legal limits.
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3 budgetary approval (n.) C1 Advanced Formal Technical Lawofficial permission to spend a specific amount of money.
formal permission, typically legislative or administrative, to expend funds for a designated purpose.
ExampleThe department is waiting for budget authorization to hire new staff.
ExampleThe committee granted a multi-year authorization for the infrastructure project, ensuring that funding would remain stable through the construction phase.
Teacher's tipIn government contexts, an 'authorization' often creates the legal framework for a program, while an 'appropriation' actually provides the cash.
From authorize + -ation.