ENGLISH
REFERENCE

bone up

phr. v..
C1 Advanced Oxford

phr. v.. to study hard or learn a lot about a specific subject in a short time.

phr. v.. to review or study a particular subject intensively, often in preparation for an imminent event or requirement.


SIMPLE

I need to bone up on my French before my trip.

CONTEXTUAL

He spent the entire weekend boning up on tax law before his big meeting with the accountants.

COMPLEX

The candidate spent weeks boning up on regional economic policies to ensure she could handle the rigorous questioning during the televised debate.

Particles
up
Separability
inseparable
Pattern
bone + up + on + object
Usage

usually followed by the preposition 'on' before the subject being studied.

Teaching tip

explain that this is an informal Americanism; the 'bone' likely refers to 'bony' fingers or hard work, similar to 'cramming' but often implies a more targeted review.

Pitfall

I must bone up my history.I must bone up on my history.the preposition 'on' is almost always required when specifying the subject of study.

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