English Reference

Word

carbon

Phoneticscar·bon, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈkɑɹbən/

UK/kˈɑːbən/

Definitions

01chemical element

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun Science Technical

n. a chemical element found in diamonds, coal, and all living things.

n. the chemical element with atomic number 6, occurring in all organic compounds and in various allotropes such as graphite and diamond.

“All life on Earth is based on the element carbon.”

“The unique ability of carbon to form stable bonds with many elements allows it to serve as the fundamental building block of complex organic molecules.”

02greenhouse gas emissions

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun Science

n. gases like carbon dioxide that are released into the air and cause global warming.

n. used as a shorthand for carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gas emissions, particularly in the context of climate change and environmental policy.

“The government is trying to reduce the country's carbon footprint.”

“International treaties aim to limit carbon output by incentivizing industries to transition toward renewable energy sources and more efficient manufacturing processes.”

Synonyms

emissionscarbon dioxide

03carbon fiber

C1 · Advanced Uncountable noun Informal

n. a very strong, light material used to make things like bikes or car parts.

n. a lightweight, high-strength material made of thin filaments of carbon, often used in aerospace and high-performance sporting goods.

“His new racing bike is made entirely of carbon.”

“The aerospace engineer specified a carbon composite for the fuselage to maximize the aircraft's fuel efficiency without sacrificing structural integrity.”

Synonyms

carbon fiber

04carbon paper or copy

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Archaic

n. a special paper used to make a copy of something you write or type.

n. a sheet of paper coated with a dark waxy pigment, used for making one or more copies of a document simultaneously with the original.

“He put a piece of carbon between the pages to make a duplicate.”

“Before the advent of digital word processing and photocopiers, clerks relied on carbon paper to produce multiple copies of legal contracts.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “carbon” in context.

Verb

01. absorb carbon dioxide

“Forests play a vital role because trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.”

verb + noun

02. offset carbon footprints

“Some airlines allow passengers to pay a small fee to offset their carbon footprints.”

verb + noun

03. reduce carbon emissions

“Many countries are trying to reduce carbon emissions to combat global warming.”

verb + noun

Adjective

04. carbon neutral

“The tech company aims to become carbon neutral by the end of the decade.”

adj + noun

Noun

05. amount of carbon

“Scientists measured the amount of carbon stored in the ancient soil samples.”

measure + of + noun

06. carbon capture

“New technology in carbon capture could help industries reach net-zero goals.”

noun + noun

07. carbon tax

“The government introduced a carbon tax to encourage businesses to use cleaner energy.”

noun + noun

08. carbon dioxide

09. carbon emissions

10. carbon footprint

11. carbon atoms

12. carbon monoxide

Real-World Examples

“Some studies suggest that carbon may crystallize into diamonds deep inside these planets.”
ScienceDaily 20 Aug 2026
“They may also play a major role in storing carbon and supporting the health of the planet.”
ScienceDaily 4 Aug 2026

Etymology

Borrowed from French carbone, coined by Antoine Lavoisier, from Latin carbō, carbōnem (“charcoal, coal”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃- (“to burn”). By surface analysis, carbo- + -on.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

NOUN

carbon(B2)

Idioms

Domains

EcologyInternet

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Common
Level
B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
Updated

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