English Reference
noun

casualty

n.
US /ˈkæʒəɫti/ UK /kˈæʒuːəlti/ ca·su·al·ty UK spelling casualties, casualty's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    a person who is injured or killed in a serious accident or a war.

    a person killed or injured in a war or accident. Often used in the plural to report total losses after a conflict or disaster.

    Simple

    The news reported that there were many casualties after the earthquake hit the city.

    In context

    Military analysts expressed concern over the rising number of civilian casualties as the conflict moved into more densely populated urban areas.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Formal

    someone or something that is destroyed or suffers because of a situation or event.

    a person or thing that suffers, is lost, or is destroyed as a result of a particular event or series of events.

    Simple

    Small local shops were the main casualties of the new shopping mall opening nearby.

    In context

    The arts programme became an early casualty of the government's aggressive new austerity measures and budget cuts.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate British English Medicine

    the part of a hospital where people go when they have a sudden injury or emergency.

    the department of a hospital providing immediate treatment for emergency cases.

    Simple

    He was rushed to casualty after he fell off his bike and broke his arm.

    In context

    The casualty department was overwhelmed on Saturday night following a multi-vehicle pileup on the motorway.

    Usage

    Often used as a proper noun or as 'the casualty department'.

    emergency roomA&E
  4. 04 C1 Advanced Technical Military

    a soldier who cannot fight anymore because they are dead, hurt, sick, or captured.

    a person in military service who becomes unavailable for duty due to death, injury, illness, capture, or desertion.

    Simple

    The general was shocked by the high casualty rate during the first day of the battle.

    In context

    The official report included every soldier missing in action as a casualty until their specific status could be verified by field intelligence.

Russia suffered a reported 39,000 casualties in June and nearly 43,000 in July – its highest losses since January 2025.

Al Jazeera· 14 Aug 2026

Regional Governor Alexander Drozdenko said the fire had been brought under control and cleared with no casualties reported.

Al Jazeera· 14 Aug 2026

From casual, from Middle French casuel, from Medieval Latin casualitas and Late Latin cāsuālis (“happening by chance”), from Latin cāsus (“event”) (English case), from cadere (“to fall”). Originally meaning “a chance event” (compare casual, as in “casual encounter”), it developed a negative meaning as “an unfortunate event”, especially the loss of a person.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin cāsus
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated