English Reference
noun

circumference

n.
US /ˌsɝˈkəmfɹəns/ UK /sɜːkˈʌmfɹəns/ cir·cum·fer·ence UK spelling circumferences

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Math

    the total length of the outside edge of a circle or round shape.

    the linear distance around the edge of a closed curve or circular object.

    Simple

    The scientist measured the circumference of the tree trunk to estimate its age.

    In context

    To calculate the circumference of the planet at the equator, early astronomers relied on precise observations of the sun's angle at different latitudes.

    Usage

    Usually functions as a countable noun; often used with the preposition 'of'.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Math

    the actual line that forms the edge of a circle.

    the set of points that constitute the boundary of a circle or similar geometric figure.

    Simple

    He drew a series of small dots along the circumference of the circle.

    In context

    The architect designed the walkway to follow the circumference of the courtyard, creating a perfect loop for visitors.

Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference greater than 102 centimeters for men and 88 centimeters for women.

ScienceDaily· 14 Aug 2026

Even when used on its own, waist circumference performed nearly as well.

ScienceDaily· 31 Aug 2026

From Latin circumferentia, from circum (“around”) + ferō (“I carry”). Displaced native Old English ymbgang.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Occasional
Updated