English Reference

Word

denial

Phoneticsde·nial

US/dɪˈnaɪəɫ/

UK/dɪnˈaɪəl/

Definitions

01saying something is false

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a statement saying that something is not true or that you did not do something.

n. an assertion that an allegation or statement is untrue; a formal disavowal of responsibility or participation.

“The politician issued a firm denial of the rumors about his private life.”

“Despite the overwhelming evidence presented by the prosecution, the defendant maintained a flat denial of all charges throughout the trial.”

Usage

Often followed by the preposition 'of' or a 'that' clause.

Synonyms

02refusing a request

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a refusal to give someone something they have asked for, such as a permit or a loan.

n. the act of refusing to grant or provide something requested or desired.

“The bank's denial of her loan application was a major setback for her business.”

“The repeated denial of basic human rights in the region led to widespread international condemnation and economic sanctions.”

Usage

Commonly used in administrative or legal contexts regarding applications and rights.

Antonyms

03refusing to accept reality

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun Psychology

n. a state of mind where you refuse to believe that something unpleasant or painful is true.

n. a psychological defense mechanism in which a person rejects the validity of an experience or reality to avoid emotional distress.

“He is in denial about his health problems and refuses to see a doctor.”

“Climate change denial remains a significant hurdle for policymakers attempting to implement long-term environmental strategies.”

Usage

Frequently appears in the idiomatic phrase 'in denial'.

Teaching tip

When used in the phrase 'in denial', it describes a person's mental state rather than a specific spoken statement.

Synonyms

unawarenessrejection

04logical negation

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Mathematics Technical

n. the act of saying 'no' to a statement in logic or math.

n. the operator or function that reverses the truth value of a proposition.

“In this logic puzzle, the denial of the first statement proves the second one is true.”

“The proof relies on the formal denial of the antecedent to demonstrate that the subsequent conclusion cannot hold.”

Usage

Used primarily in formal logic and mathematics to describe the relationship between opposing propositions.

Antonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “denial” in context.

Verb

01. issue a denial

“The government was forced to issue a formal denial regarding the allegations of corruption.”

verb + adj + noun

02. live in denial

“He is living in denial about his health problems and refuses to see a doctor.”

verb + prep + noun

03. meet with a denial

“His request for a salary increase met with a flat denial from the board.”

verb + prep + adj + noun

Adjective

04. categorical denial

“The spokesperson issued a categorical denial of any involvement in the scandal.”

adj + noun

05. strenuous denial

“Despite her strenuous denial, the evidence suggested she was present at the scene.”

adj + noun

Noun

06. denial of justice

“The long delay in the trial was criticized by human rights groups as a denial of justice.”

noun + of + noun

07. state of denial

“She remained in a state of denial for months after the company went bankrupt.”

noun + of + noun

Preposition

08. in denial

“Many people are still in denial about the long-term effects of climate change.”

prep + noun

Real-World Examples

“His continued denial of the murder showed he is "not a man who will lightly admit when things start to go wrong in his life", she added.”
BBC News 14 Aug 2026
“As sociologist Eviatar Zerubavel has noted: “Like silence, denial involves active avoidance.”
The Conversation 13 Aug 2026

Etymology

From deny + -al.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

NOUN

denial(C1)

Idioms

Domains

LogicPsychology

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Frequent
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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