English Reference

Word

dwell

US/ˈdwɛɫ/

UK/dwˈɛl/

Irregular verb

Forms

Infinitive

dwell

Past

dwelt / dwelled

Past participle

dwelt / dwelled

Definitions

01to think too much about

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to keep thinking or talking about something for a long time, especially something bad or sad.

v. to linger on a particular thought, idea, or past event, typically with obsessive or regretful focus. Intransitive, usually taking the preposition 'on'.

“It is not healthy to dwell on your past mistakes for too long.”

“The speaker chose not to dwell on the recent budget cuts, focusing instead on the ambitious expansion plans for the coming fiscal year.”

Antonyms

02to live somewhere

C1 · Advanced Literary

v. to live in a specified place.

v. to reside or have one's habitation in a particular location. Intransitive; often followed by a prepositional phrase of place.

“The old stories tell of strange creatures that dwell deep in the forest.”

“In his later poetry, he often wrote of the spirits that supposedly dwell within the rugged peaks of his homeland.”

Antonyms

03a mechanical pause

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Engineering Technical

n. a short pause in the movement of a machine to let a task finish.

n. a deliberate, timed pause in the motion of a mechanical part or a control sequence to allow for a specific operation. Often used as a modifier in technical compounds.

“The machine has a two-second dwell to let the glue dry before the next step.”

“Adjusting the dwell time on the assembly line ensured that the robotic arm had sufficient clearance before the conveyor resumed its cycle.”

04engine ignition timing

C2 · Proficiency Uncountable noun Engineering Technical

n. the time that electrical points stay closed in an engine to build up power for a spark.

n. the period or angle during which the ignition contact breaker points remain closed to allow current to flow through the primary coil.

“If the dwell is not set correctly, the car engine might not start easily.”

“The mechanic used a specialized meter to verify that the dwell angle was within the manufacturer's specifications for a four-cylinder engine.”

Synonyms

dwell angle

Real-World Examples

“It's the decision to not dwell and the decision to look forward rather than in the past." Love You To Death will be broadcast on Channel 4 at 21:00 BST.”
BBC News 19 Aug 2026
“Instead, it was a separate entrance for a hated and despised minority who dwelled in Moustey, as well as throughout the rest of the Landes region and into the Basque country of Spain.”
JSTOR Daily 13 May 2026

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *dʰwel-der. Proto-Germanic *dwalaz Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Germanic *-janą Proto-Germanic *dwaljaną Proto-West Germanic *dwalljan Old English dwellan ▲ Old Norse dveljainflu. Middle English dwellen English dwell From Middle English dwellen (“delay, live, remain, persist”), from Old English dwellan (“to mislead, deceive; be led into error, stray”), from Proto-Germanic dwaljaną (“to hold up, delay; hesitate”), from Proto-Indo-European dʰwelH- (“to whirl, swirl, blur, obfuscate”), which is cognate with Old Norse dvelja and related to Proto-Germanic *dwelaną (“to go astray”), which underwent semantic change in its descendants. Cognates include Danish dvæle (“to linger, dwell”) and Swedish dväljas (“to dwell, reside”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

VERB

dwell(C1)

Related words

Domain

Engineering

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Frequent
Level
C1 · Advanced
Updated

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English Reference