English Reference

Word

elder

Phoneticsel·der, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈɛɫdɝ/

UK/ˈɛldɐ/

Definitions

01an older person

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun

n. a person who is older than you, often someone you should respect.

n. a person of greater age than another, often used in the plural to refer to one's seniors or ancestors.

“In many cultures, children are taught to listen to their elders.”

“The community gathered to hear the wisdom of their elders before making a decision about the new land laws.”

Antonyms

02a community leader

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. an important leader in a tribe or a small community who gives advice.

n. an influential member of a tribe or community, respected for their experience and authority in consultative or ceremonial roles.

“The village elders met to discuss how to fix the water pump.”

“The tribal elders served as the final arbiters in disputes regarding traditional boundaries and inheritance rights.”

03a church official

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Religion Formal

n. a person who has a special job or high rank in a church.

n. an ordained or appointed official in certain Christian denominations, often responsible for administration or spiritual guidance.

“He was appointed as an elder in his local church last Sunday.”

“The council of elders convened to review the theological curriculum for the upcoming missionary training programme.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

layperson

04a type of tree

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Science Technical

n. a small tree that has white flowers and dark purple berries.

n. a shrub or small tree of the genus Sambucus, typically bearing clusters of small white flowers and dark berries.

“We picked berries from the elder tree to make homemade jam.”

“The elder is widely valued in traditional medicine for its flowers and fruit, though the raw leaves and stems are mildly toxic.”

Synonyms

elderberry

05older of two

B2 · Upper Intermediate Formal

adj. used to describe the older of two people, especially in a family.

adj. denoting the older of two related people, or the senior of two people with the same name.

“The elder sister took care of the family business after their father retired.”

“The elder Pitt was a formidable orator whose influence dominated British politics during the mid-eighteenth century.”

Usage

Usually placed before the noun it describes.

Pitfall

He is my elder brother.

He is my older brother.

While 'elder' is used as a title or to compare two specific people (the elder son), 'older' is the standard adjective for age in modern English.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Real-World Examples

“Lewis is survived by their elder son, David.”
The Guardian 11 Aug 2026
“The elder Sherman and Harpo were friends, and they did two shows together in January 1963 in Santa Monica and Pasadena.”
Smithsonian Magazine 10 Jun 2026

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Common
Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Updated

QR code

englishreference.com/q/elder

English Reference