English Reference
phrasal verb

fight off

phr.v.

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    to defend yourself against a physical attack or a challenge so that you are not defeated.

    to repel an aggressor or defeat a challenge through physical or strategic resistance.

    Simple

    The small army managed to fight off the invaders for three days.

    In context

    The security team successfully fought off the cyberattack, though the hackers managed to briefly disrupt the main server.

    Usage

    This is a transitive phrasal verb; the object can sit between 'fight' and 'off'.

    repelbeat backdefend
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Medicine

    to try to stay healthy when you feel like you are getting sick.

    to resist the onset or progression of a pathogen or infection through the body's natural immune response.

    Simple

    I am drinking plenty of orange juice to help fight off this cold.

    In context

    The patient's immune system was too weakened by the previous treatment to effectively fight off the secondary infection.

    Usage

    Commonly used with objects like 'cold', 'flu', 'infection', or 'virus'.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate

    to try hard not to show or feel a strong emotion, like sleepiness or tears.

    to consciously resist or suppress an internal physiological or emotional state.

    Simple

    She tried to fight off sleep during the long, boring meeting.

    In context

    He struggled to fight off a rising sense of panic as he realised he had lost his passport in the crowded terminal.

    Usage

    Often used with 'tears', 'sleep', 'panic', or 'boredom'.

Teaching tip

highlight the metaphorical extension from physical combat to biological resistance; it is more active and effortful than simply 'recovering' from a cold.

Particles
off
Separability
optional
Pattern
fight + off + object
This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Very common
Updated