English Reference

Word

foam

US/ˈfoʊm/

UK/fˈəʊm/

Definitions

01bubbles on a liquid

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. a mass of small bubbles that forms on the surface of a liquid.

n. a collection of small bubbles formed on or in a liquid by agitation, fermentation, or chemical reaction.

“The waiter poured the beer carefully to keep the foam from spilling over.”

“A thick layer of white foam gathered where the waves crashed against the jagged rocks of the shoreline.”

Synonyms

02soft material

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. a soft, light material used to make things like cushions, mattresses, or sponges.

n. a lightweight, cellular solid material manufactured by trapping gas in a polymer, used for insulation or cushioning.

“The old sofa was uncomfortable because the foam inside had become too thin.”

“The package was lined with protective foam to ensure the delicate electronic components were not damaged during transit.”

03the sea

C2 · Proficiency Uncountable noun Literary

n. a poetic way to talk about the sea or the ocean.

n. a metonymic or poetic reference to the sea, specifically the frothy surface of waves.

“The poet wrote about the white foam of the distant Atlantic.”

“The ancient mariner watched the white foam trail behind the ship as they sailed toward the unknown horizon.”

Synonyms

04to produce bubbles

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to produce or become covered in a mass of small bubbles.

v. to produce, emit, or become converted into foam; often used of liquids being shaken or agitated.

“The soap began to foam as soon as she rubbed her hands together under the water.”

“The chemical solution started to foam violently when the catalyst was introduced to the beaker.”

Synonyms

05to be very angry

C1 · Advanced Informal

v. to be extremely angry about something.

v. to exhibit signs of extreme rage or fury; typically used in the idiom 'foaming at the mouth'.

“My boss was practically foaming at the mouth when he saw the sales report.”

“The protesters were foaming at the mouth with indignation after the controversial legislation was passed without a public hearing.”

Usage

Usually appears in the phrase 'foaming at the mouth'.

Synonyms

seetherage

Real-World Examples

“At the same time, matcha, cold foam, and customised lattes sell at much higher prices, and customers are buying them in large numbers.”
Perfect Daily Grind 13 Oct 2026
“We used spray foam and cardboard wrapped in plastic to close it.”
The Conversation 19 Aug 2026
“They’re wonderfully comfy and, unlike the memory foam of the past, not at all cloying and sweaty.”
The Guardian 3 Sept 2022
“Some will add a spoonful of milk foam: the macchiato.”
The Guardian 17 Feb 2016

Etymology

From Middle English fom, foom, from Old English fām, from Proto-West Germanic faim, from Proto-Germanic faimaz, from Proto-Indo-European (s)poHy-m-os, from (s)poH(y)- (“foam”). Cognate with German Feim (“foam”), Latin spūma (“foam”), Latin pūmex (“pumice”), Sanskrit फेन (phéna, “foam”), possibly Northern Kurdish fê (“epilepsy”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Frequent
Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Updated

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