English Reference
noun

impairment

n.
US /ˌɪmˈpɛɹmənt/ UK /ɪmpˈeəmənt/ im·pair·ment UK spelling impairments

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Formal Medicine

    a condition where a part of your body or mind is damaged or does not work as it should.

    a permanent or temporary loss or abnormality of a psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.

    Simple

    The school provides extra support for students with a visual impairment.

    In context

    The clinical assessment aimed to determine the extent of cognitive impairment resulting from the patient's recent head injury.

    Usage

    Often used with 'visual', 'hearing', or 'cognitive'.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced TechnicalFormal Law

    a reduction in the value of a company's asset because it is no longer worth what was originally paid.

    a permanent reduction in the value of an asset to less than its carrying amount on a balance sheet.

    Simple

    The company had to report a large impairment on its property after the market crashed.

    In context

    Following the annual audit, the board recognised a significant impairment loss on the goodwill associated with the recent acquisition.

    Usage

    Commonly appears in the phrase 'impairment loss'.

    write downdepreciation
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    the process of something becoming weaker or less effective.

    the state or process of being diminished in quality, strength, or value.

    Simple

    The impairment of the bridge's structure was caused by years of salt water damage.

    In context

    The report highlighted the gradual impairment of diplomatic relations between the two neighbouring states over the last decade.

Usage visual impairment

Much less is known about how to turn a positive test into a reliable timestamp for impairment.

BBC News· 15 Aug 2026

Cannabis-related impairment often went undetected by those tests.

ScienceDaily· 29 May 2026

From Middle English empeirement, empeyrement, emparement, from Anglo-Norman empairement, emperement, enpeirement, from Old French ampirement, anpirement, enperement, equivalent to impair + -ment.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old French ampirement
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated