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impairment

n.
US //ˌɪmˈpɛɹmənt// UK //ɪmpˈeəmənt// im·pair·ment
  1. 1 physical or mental condition (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate Formal Medicine

    a condition where a part of your body or mind is damaged or does not work as it should.

    a permanent or temporary loss or abnormality of a psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.

    Example

    The school provides extra support for students with a visual impairment.

    Example

    The clinical assessment aimed to determine the extent of cognitive impairment resulting from the patient's recent head injury.

    Usage

    Often used with 'visual', 'hearing', or 'cognitive'.

  2. 2 loss of financial value (n.)
    C1 Advanced Technical Formal Law

    a reduction in the value of a company's asset because it is no longer worth what was originally paid.

    a permanent reduction in the value of an asset to less than its carrying amount on a balance sheet.

    Example

    The company had to report a large impairment on its property after the market crashed.

    Example

    Following the annual audit, the board recognised a significant impairment loss on the goodwill associated with the recent acquisition.

    Usage

    Commonly appears in the phrase 'impairment loss'.

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  1. 3 general weakening (n.)
    C1 Advanced Formal

    the process of something becoming weaker or less effective.

    the state or process of being diminished in quality, strength, or value.

    Example

    The impairment of the bridge's structure was caused by years of salt water damage.

    Example

    The report highlighted the gradual impairment of diplomatic relations between the two neighbouring states over the last decade.

Origin

From Middle English empeirement, empeyrement, emparement, from Anglo-Norman empairement, emperement, enpeirement, from Old French ampirement, anpirement, enperement, equivalent to impair + -ment.

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