incapable
adj. · n.-
1 unable to do something (adj.) B2 Upper Intermediatenot able to do something because you lack the skill, strength, or power.
lacking the necessary ability, capacity, or power to perform a specific action. Usually followed by the preposition 'of'.
ExampleThe old engine was incapable of pulling such a heavy load up the hill.
ExampleDespite his extensive training, the pilot found himself incapable of stabilizing the aircraft during the severe atmospheric turbulence.
UsageTypically used in the pattern 'incapable of doing something'.
PitfallHe is incapable to finish the work.He is incapable of finishing the work.The adjective 'incapable' is followed by 'of' and a gerund (-ing form), not an infinitive.
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2 not receptive (adj.) C1 Advanced Formalnot able to receive or take something in.
not in a state to receive, admit, or be susceptible to something. Often used in technical or philosophical contexts.
ExampleThe dry, hard soil was incapable of absorbing the sudden rain.
ExampleThe philosopher argued that certain minds are simply incapable of receiving complex abstract truths without prior rigorous instruction.
Teacher's tipThis sense is much rarer than the general 'unable' sense and is mostly found in formal writing.
- unreceptive
- impervious
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3 a weak person (n.) C2 Proficiency Archaica person who is seen as weak or not able to take care of themselves.
a person who is mentally or physically weak, or otherwise lacking in efficiency or competence.
ExampleIn the old story, the king was surrounded by incapables who could not lead.
ExampleThe harsh social policies of the era often grouped the elderly and the infirm together as social incapables.
UsageUsed as a countable noun, often in the plural.
Teacher's tipThis noun use is dated and can sound offensive; students should avoid using it in modern conversation.
- weakling
- incompetent
Borrowed from Middle French incapable, equivalent to in- + capable.