English Reference
adjective · noun

instrumental

adj. · n.
US /ˌɪnstɹəˈmɛnəɫ/ UK /ˌɪnstɹəmˈɛntəl/ in·stru·men·tal UK spelling instrumentals

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Academic

    adj.to be very important in helping something to happen.

    adj.serving as a crucial means, agent, or medium in achieving a specific result or objective.

    Simple

    She was instrumental in helping the company win the new contract.

    In context

    The diplomat was instrumental in brokering the peace treaty, spending months mediating between the two opposing factions.

    Usage

    Often used with the preposition 'in' followed by a gerund or noun phrase.

  2. 02 B1 Intermediate Music

    adj.music that is played only by instruments, without any people singing.

    adj.pertaining to, composed for, or performed by musical instruments rather than the human voice.

    Simple

    The album includes several instrumental tracks that are great for studying.

    In context

    The composer decided to remove the lyrics, transforming the ballad into a purely instrumental piece for the cello and piano.

    non vocal
  3. 03 C2 Proficiency Technical Science

    adj.related to a grammar form that shows how something is done or what tool is used.

    adj.relating to a grammatical case that expresses means, agency, or the instrument used to perform an action.

    Simple

    In some languages, you use the instrumental case to say you are writing with a pen.

    In context

    The student struggled to distinguish between the dative and instrumental endings when translating the ancient text.

    Teacher's tip

    This is a highly technical term used in linguistics; most general learners will only encounter it if studying inflected languages like Russian or Latin.

  4. 04 B1 Intermediate Music

    n.a piece of music that has no singing.

    n.a musical composition or recording intended to be performed without vocal accompaniment.

    Simple

    The radio played an instrumental of the hit song while the news was starting.

    In context

    The B-side of the single featured a jazz instrumental that showcased the lead guitarist's technical proficiency.

Photograph: sjvinyl/Alamy For Twist in My Sobriety, Pete created a definitive drum part and I had a ball coming up with the instrumental sections.

The Guardian· 17 Aug 2026

Harmonia Mundi’s recording is strikingly immediate, revealing plenty of instrumental detail without stinting the music’s sonic amplitude.

The Guardian· 13 Aug 2026

From Middle English instrumental, instrumentale, from Medieval Latin īnstrūmentālis, equivalent to instrument + -al.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin la-med īnstrūmentālis
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated