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knowledge

n.
US //ˈnɑɫədʒ// UK //nˈɒlɪdʒ// knowl·edge
  1. 1 understanding of a subject (n.)
    A2 Elementary

    the information and understanding you have about a specific subject or situation.

    the state of being familiar with or understanding a particular subject, place, or situation. Uncountable in this general sense.

    Example

    She has a deep knowledge of local history because she grew up in the village.

    Example

    His extensive knowledge of international maritime law made him an invaluable asset during the treaty negotiations.

    Usage

    usually uncountable; often followed by the preposition 'of' or 'about'.

    Pitfall
    He has many knowledges about history.
    He has a lot of knowledge about history.

    Knowledge is an uncountable noun; do not use it in the plural form.

  2. 2 all that is known (n.)
    B1 Intermediate

    all the facts and information that people have discovered over time.

    the sum total of what is known; the body of facts and principles accumulated by humankind.

    Example

    The internet has made it easier for everyone to access human knowledge.

    Example

    The library was designed as a monument to human knowledge, housing manuscripts that spanned three millennia of scientific discovery.

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  1. 3 London taxi test (n.)
    C1 Advanced British English Informal

    the difficult test that London taxi drivers must pass to show they know every street in the city.

    the rigorous examination of London's geography required for a taxicab licence. Often used with the definite article as 'The Knowledge'.

    Example

    He spent three years on his motorbike studying for The Knowledge before he could drive a black cab.

    Example

    Aspiring cabbies often spend years traversing the city's labyrinthine streets to master The Knowledge before sitting their final exams.

    Usage

    usually appears as 'The Knowledge'.

    Teacher's tip

    This is a very specific cultural term; outside of the context of London taxis, it will not be understood.

  2. 4 sexual intimacy (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Archaic Formal Technical Law

    a very old-fashioned way to talk about having sex.

    sexual intercourse or intimacy. Archaic in general use; survives primarily in the legal phrase 'carnal knowledge'.

    Example

    The old book used the phrase carnal knowledge to describe the couple's relationship.

    Example

    The defendant was charged under a statute that specifically cited carnal knowledge of a minor as a felony offense.

    Usage

    almost exclusively found in the fixed phrase 'carnal knowledge'.

Origin

From Middle English knowleche, knaweleche, cnawlece (“knowledge”), from knowen (“to know, recognise”) + -leche. Related to Middle English knowlechen (“to find out, acknowledge”). For more on the Middle English suffix -leche, compare freelage. Compare also Old English cnāwelǣċ, cnāwelǣċing (“acknowledging, acknowledgement”).

Word family
Idioms1 entry

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