English Reference
adjective · adverb · noun

late

adj. · adv. · n.
US /ˈɫeɪt/ UK /lˈeɪt/ late

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    adj.happening or arriving after the time that was planned or expected.

    adj.occurring, arriving, or happening after the scheduled, expected, or usual time.

    Simple

    I am sorry I am late for the lesson; the bus was delayed by traffic.

    In context

    The project manager expressed frustration when the lead architect arrived late to the final briefing, citing a minor scheduling conflict.

    Pitfall
    I am lately for the meeting. I am late for the meeting.

    'Lately' means 'recently'. Use 'late' as the adjective to describe being behind schedule.

  2. 02 A2 Elementary

    adj.happening near the end of a day, a year, or a person's life.

    adj.occurring or situated near the end of a particular interval of time or a historical period.

    Simple

    We went for a walk in the late afternoon when the sun was lower.

    In context

    The late nineteenth century saw a rapid expansion of railway networks across the continent, fundamentally altering trade routes.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Formal

    adj.a polite way to talk about someone who has died recently.

    adj.used euphemistically to refer to a person who is deceased, typically preceded by 'the' or a possessive pronoun.

    Simple

    The late king was well-loved by all the people in his country.

    In context

    In her moving tribute, the professor spoke warmly of her late colleague's contributions to the field of linguistics.

    Usage

    This sense is attributive only; it must appear before the noun (e.g., 'the late Mr. Smith') and cannot follow a verb.

  4. 04 A1 Beginner

    adv.doing something after the time it should have been done.

    adv.at a point in time after the expected or usual hour; behind schedule.

    Simple

    He stayed up late to finish his homework before the deadline.

    In context

    The flight arrived so late that the passengers missed their connecting flight to Singapore.

    tardilybehindhand
  5. 05 B1 Intermediate Informal

    n.a period of work that happens in the evening or at night.

    n.a scheduled period of work occurring late in the day or during the night.

    Simple

    I can't come to the party because I'm working the late tonight.

    In context

    Hospital staff often prefer the late because it allows them to handle personal errands during daylight hours.

    night shiftevening shift
Don't confuse

late vs lately — Late describes something happening after the expected time, while lately describes something that has happened recently.

Usage late last · late at night · late goals


From Middle English late, lat, from Old English læt (“slow; slack, lax, negligent; late”), from Proto-West Germanic lat, from Proto-Germanic lataz (“slow, lazy”). By surface analysis, deverbal from let. Cognates Cognate with Yola laate (“late”), North Frisian leed, leet, lääs (“late”), Saterland Frisian leet (“late”), Dutch, German Low German laat (“late, tardy”), Danish lad (“languid, lazy, indolent”), Faroese, Icelandic latur (“lazy”), Norwegian Bokmål, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish lat (“lazy”), Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐍄𐍃 (lats, “lazy, slothful”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin gem-pro *lataz
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Very common
Updated