ENGLISH
REFERENCE

penalty

n. countable
B2 Upper Intermediate Oxford US //ˈpɛnəɫti// UK //pˈɛnəlti// penal·ty General-service

n. a punishment for breaking a rule or a law. In sports or business, it often means paying money or losing an advantage because you did something wrong.

n. a punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract. Often involves a financial fine or a disadvantage in a competitive context.


SIMPLE

The company had to pay a heavy penalty for late taxes.

CONTEXTUAL

If you withdraw your savings before the agreed date, the bank will charge a significant early-withdrawal penalty.

COMPLEX

Regulatory bodies have increased the financial penalty for data breaches to ensure that corporations prioritize the security of sensitive user information.

Synonyms
Antonyms
Origin

From Middle French pénalité, from pénal, from Latin poenālis, from poena, borrowing of Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ), from Proto-Hellenic kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European kʷoynéh₂, comprising kʷey- + -néh₂.

Usage

Commonly used with the verbs 'pay', 'impose', or 'incur'.

Pitfall

He received a penalty of his mistakeHe received a penalty for his mistakeThe noun penalty takes the preposition 'for' to indicate the reason for the punishment.

Idioms3 entries

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