English Reference

Word

receptor

Phoneticsre·cep·tor

US/ɹiˈsɛptɝ/

UK/ɹɪsˈɛptɐ/

Definitions

01cell biology

C1 · Science

n. a protein on the surface of a cell that catches specific chemicals to tell the cell what to do.

n. a protein molecule, usually on a cell membrane, that binds to a specific ligand to initiate a cellular response.

“The virus enters the body by attaching itself to a specific receptor on the surface of lung cells.”

“Pharmacologists design drugs that specifically target the dopamine receptor to treat neurological conditions without affecting other systems.”

Technical

Usage

Often used with the preposition 'for' to indicate the specific molecule it binds to.

Synonyms

binding site

03one who receives

C2 · Law

n. a person who receives something or hides someone who is running away.

n. a person who receives or harbors another, particularly a fugitive or criminal.

“In the old story, the receptor of the stolen goods was also punished by the king.”

“The statute from the seventeenth century clearly defined the punishment for any receptor of a known rebel.”

Archaic

Teaching tip

This sense is extremely rare in modern English; students will likely only encounter it in historical legal texts or very old literature.

Synonyms

receiverharborer

Real-World Examples

“And because the retina has no pain receptors, it's hard for people to notice the damage as it happens, so symptoms may only appear several hours later.”
BBC News · 13 Aug 2026
“There are four types of histamine receptors in the body.”
The Guardian · 14 Aug 2026
“Packed with GLP-1 receptors, it may act as a crucial control point between thinking about a reward and feeling compelled to pursue it.”
ScienceDaily · 12 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English receptour, from Old French receptour or Latin receptōrius, from recipiō (“receive”), from re- (“back”) + capiō (“I hold”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Domains

BiologyMedicine

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference