English Reference
adverb

roughly

adv.
US /ˈɹəfɫi/ UK /ɹˈʌfli/ rough·ly

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    about or nearly; you use this when you are giving a number or amount that is not exact.

    approximately or nearly; used to indicate that a figure or estimate is imprecise but close to the actual value.

    Simple

    The journey to the airport takes roughly forty-five minutes depending on the traffic.

    In context

    The project is expected to cost roughly three million dollars, though that figure may fluctuate as material costs change.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    in a hard, violent, or unkind way.

    in a manner lacking gentleness or care; characterized by physical force or harshness.

    Simple

    The guards handled the heavy boxes roughly, and one of them broke.

    In context

    He was pushed roughly aside by the crowd as they rushed toward the platform to catch the last train.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate

    done in a simple or quick way without focusing on small details.

    in a basic or preliminary manner; without fine detail or precision.

    Simple

    She roughly sketched the map on a napkin to show us the way.

    In context

    The initial prototype was roughly assembled from spare parts just to demonstrate that the mechanical concept was viable.

    crudelyimprecisely

Usage roughly million · roughly percent · roughly years

Indiana ⁠was the ​hardest-hit state, with more than 267,000 outages, representing about 8% of its roughly 3.3 million customers.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

Now, the Do Hiemon - which roughly translates to "The Cooling Box" - is being rolled out in public spaces and sold to businesses.

BBC News· 12 Aug 2026

From rough + -ly.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated