ENGLISH
REFERENCE

rugged

adj.
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˈɹəɡəd// rugged

adj. having a strong, rough surface or being built to last in difficult conditions. You use it to describe wild land or objects that do not break easily.

adj. characterised by a rough, uneven surface or constructed to withstand harsh treatment and environmental stress. Often modified by 'very' or 'extremely'.


SIMPLE

The hiker wore rugged boots for the mountain trail.

CONTEXTUAL

The company designed a rugged tablet specifically for engineers working on dusty, outdoor construction sites.

COMPLEX

While the coastline is famous for its rugged beauty, the jagged rocks and unpredictable currents make it a treacherous area for even the most experienced sailors to navigate.

Synonyms
Antonyms
Etymology 1

From Middle English rugged, roggyd, ruggyd, derived from Old Norse rǫgg (“tuft, shagginess”), equivalent to rug (“rough, woollen material”) + -ed. Compare Old Swedish ruggoter (“wrinkled”), Swedish rugga (“to roughen”), Swedish ruggig (“shaggy”), Icelandic rögg (“shagginess”), Old Norse raggaðr (“tufted”), dialectal Danish raggad (“shaggy”).

Etymology 2

From rug + -ed.

Usage

Commonly modifies nouns related to terrain, physical appearance, or industrial equipment.

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