English Reference
noun · verb

sacrifice

n. · v.
US /ˈsækɹəˌfaɪs/ UK /sˈækɹɪfˌaɪs/ sac·ri·fice UK spelling sacrificed, sacrifices, sacrificing

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the act of giving up something you value to help another person or to achieve a specific goal.

    n.the surrender or destruction of something prized or desirable for the sake of something considered as having a higher claim.

    Simple

    Her parents made many sacrifices so that she could go to a good university.

    In context

    The project's success required a significant sacrifice of personal time from every member of the development team.

    surrenderrenunciationloss
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Religion

    n.the act of killing an animal or offering an object to a god as part of a religious ceremony.

    n.the ritual slaughter of an animal or person, or the offering of a possession, as an act of propitiation or homage to a deity.

    Simple

    In ancient times, people offered a sheep as a sacrifice to ensure a good harvest.

    In context

    The high priest performed the annual sacrifice at the altar to appease the gods and protect the city from plague.

    offeringoblation
  3. 03 C1 Advanced SlangInformal

    n.selling something for much less money than it is actually worth.

    n.a sale of goods at a price significantly below their market value, typically resulting in a financial loss.

    Simple

    He had to sell his car at a real sacrifice because he needed the cash immediately.

    In context

    The liquidator sold off the remaining inventory at a massive sacrifice to satisfy the primary creditors before the end of the fiscal year.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate Sport

    n.an intentional move that loses a piece or a turn to get a better position later.

    n.the intentional loss of a piece in chess or a batter's out in baseball to gain a strategic advantage.

    Simple

    The player made a clever sacrifice of his knight to trap the opponent's queen.

    In context

    The batter's sacrifice allowed the runner on third base to score the winning run in the final inning.

  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to give up something important for a special reason.

    v.to surrender or give up something for the sake of an alternative or higher priority.

    Simple

    They had to sacrifice their summer holiday to pay for the house repairs.

    In context

    The architect refused to sacrifice the building's aesthetic integrity simply to reduce the construction costs.

  6. 06 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    v.to kill an animal for a scientific experiment.

    v.to kill an animal for the purpose of scientific research or testing.

    Simple

    The lab mice were sacrificed at the end of the study to examine their tissues.

    In context

    Ethical guidelines require that animals be sacrificed humanely once the experimental data has been collected.

    euthanize

But they will question what message this sends about the value placed on their service and sacrifice when they put themselves in harm’s way to protect others.

The Guardian· 11 Aug 2026

Instead, locals sometimes offer fresh animal sacrifices at the shrine which attract the birds, he explains.

BBC News· 12 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- Proto-Indo-European *-rós Proto-Indo-European *sh₂krós Proto-Italic *sakros Old Latin sacros Latin sacerder. Latin sacrum Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der. Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁k-yé-ti Proto-Italic *θakjō Proto-Italic *fakjō Latin faciō Proto-Indo-European *-yós Proto-Italic *-ios Old Latin -ios Latin -ius Latin -ium Latin sacrificiumlbor. Old French sacrifisebor. Middle English sacrifice English sacrifice From Middle English sacrifice (“act of offering a life or object to a deity; the life or object so offered”), from Anglo-Norman sacrefiz, and Old French sacrifice, sacrifise (modern French sacrifice), from Latin sacrificium (“something offered to a deity, sacrifice”), from sacrum (“sacrifice, sacrificial rite”) + faciō (“to do, to make”) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). The noun sacrum is the nominalized neuter of the adjective sacer (“devoted to a deity for sacrifice; holy, sacred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European seh₂k- (“ceremony, ritual; to make sacred”), and the verb faciō is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). Related Latin formations include sacrificus (“of or pertaining to sacrifice, sacrificial”) and sacrificō (“to make a sacrifice”). Cognates * Italian sagrifizio * Occitan sacrifici * Portuguese sacrificio * Spanish sacrificio

Etymology 2

From Middle English sacrificen (“to offer a sacrifice to a deity”), from sacrifice (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *dʰeh₁-
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated