English Reference
verb · noun

serve

v. · n.
US /ˈsɝv/ UK /sˈɜːv/ serve UK spelling served, serves

  1. 01 A2 Elementary

    v.to help customers in a shop, restaurant, or bank.

    v.to attend to a customer's needs in a commercial or professional setting.

    Simple

    The clerk was busy serving another customer when I walked into the store.

    In context

    The boutique prides itself on serving high-net-worth clients with a level of discretion that larger department stores cannot match.

    assistattend tohelp
  2. 02 A2 Elementary Cooking

    v.to give food or drink to someone, especially during a meal.

    v.to provide or distribute food or drink to guests or customers.

    Simple

    They serve breakfast in the hotel dining room until ten o'clock.

    In context

    The chef recommends serving the venison with a reduction of red wine and juniper berries to complement the gamey flavour.

  3. 03 B1 Intermediate Military

    v.to work for a particular organisation, especially the military or the government.

    v.to perform duties for a sovereign, state, or organisation, particularly in a military or official capacity.

    Simple

    My grandfather served in the navy for twenty years before he retired.

    In context

    She served with distinction on the regional council for three consecutive terms before pursuing a career in national politics.

    work forbe employed by
  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to be useful or helpful for a particular purpose.

    v.to be functional or adequate for a specific purpose or requirement.

    Simple

    This old wooden crate can serve as a coffee table for now.

    In context

    The preliminary report will serve as a foundation for the more detailed environmental impact study scheduled for next year.

  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate Law

    v.to spend a specific amount of time in prison.

    v.to undergo a period of imprisonment as a legal penalty.

    Simple

    He had to serve three years in prison for his role in the robbery.

    In context

    The defendant was sentenced to serve ten years, though he may be eligible for parole after completing two-thirds of that time.

  6. 06 C1 Advanced FormalTechnical Law

    v.to officially give someone a legal document, like a summons to go to court.

    v.to deliver a legal notice or writ to a person so that they are officially informed of a legal action.

    Simple

    The lawyers finally managed to serve him with the divorce papers yesterday.

    In context

    Process servers often face significant challenges when attempting to serve individuals who are actively evading legal proceedings.

  7. 07 C1 Advanced SlangInformal

    v.to look very stylish or attractive.

    v.to present an exceptionally attractive or stylish personal appearance.

    Simple

    She is really serving in that new outfit she bought for the party.

    In context

    The drag queen walked onto the stage and was absolutely serving, captivating the entire audience with her elaborate costume.

    Teacher's tip

    This is a modern slang use often found in fashion and LGBTQ+ contexts; it is very informal.

    slaylook good
  8. 08 B1 Intermediate Sport

    n.the act of hitting the ball to start a point in games like tennis.

    n.the act or manner of putting the ball or shuttlecock into play in court games.

    Simple

    Her serve is so fast that most players cannot even touch the ball.

    In context

    The match turned in his favour once he regained his confidence and began landing his first serve with consistent accuracy.

  9. 09 B1 Intermediate British EnglishDialect Cooking

    n.an amount of food for one person.

    n.a portion of food or drink intended for one person.

    Simple

    That is a very large serve of chips for just one person.

    In context

    The restaurant offers a standard serve of vegetables with every main course at no additional charge.

    Teacher's tip

    In American English, 'serving' or 'portion' is much more common than 'serve' for food.

Usage serve between years · serve an important · serve their full


From Middle English serven, from Old French servir, from Latin serviō (“be a slave; serve”), from Latin servus (“slave; servant”), which perhaps derives from Etruscan (compare Etruscan proper names 𐌔𐌄𐌓𐌅𐌉 (servi), 𐌔𐌄𐌓𐌅𐌄 (serve)), or from Proto-Indo-European *ser- (“watch over, protect”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ett -
Level A2 · Elementary
Frequency Very common
Updated