English Reference

Word

starling

Phoneticsstar·ling

US/ˈstɑɹɫɪŋ/

UK/stˈɑːlɪŋ/

Definitions

01the bird

B2

n. a small to medium-sized bird with dark feathers that look green or purple in the light.

n. a common passerine bird of the family Sturnidae, often featuring iridescent plumage and noted for its ability to mimic sounds.

“A starling landed on the bird feeder and chased the smaller birds away.”

“The common starling is highly adaptable, though its introduction to North America has caused significant disruption to native avian populations.”

02a group of birds

C1

n. a bird known for flying in huge, coordinated groups that look like clouds in the sky.

n. a gregarious bird species famous for murmuration, where thousands of individuals fly in complex, synchronized patterns.

“We watched a huge flock of starlings dancing in the sky at sunset.”

“The sky darkened as a massive murmuration of starlings performed its fluid, hypnotic aerial display over the marshlands.”

Literary

03bridge protection

C2

n. a strong structure made of wooden or metal posts built around a bridge's legs to protect them from water and ice.

n. a protective framework of piles or a pointed enclosure built around the pier of a bridge to break the force of water or ice.

“The old stone bridge had wooden starlings to protect it from floating ice.”

“Engineers inspected the starlings for rot, as these protective pilings were essential for shielding the masonry piers from the river's erosive currents.”

Technical

Usage

Usually refers to the structural engineering of older stone bridges.

Synonyms

breakwaterpier-guard

This entry

Level
C2 · Proficiency
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

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