ENGLISH
REFERENCE

vain

adj.
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˈveɪn// UK //vˈeɪn// vain Archaic

adj. too proud of your own looks or abilities. You use this to describe someone who cares too much about what others think of them.

adj. having or showing an excessive interest in or high opinion of one's own appearance, abilities, or worth. Often used to describe a personality trait that borders on narcissism.


SIMPLE

He is so vain that he looks in every mirror he passes.

CONTEXTUAL

The actor was too vain to accept a role that required him to look old or unattractive on screen.

COMPLEX

Her obsession with social media metrics revealed a vain streak that eventually alienated her from friends who valued authenticity over curated appearances.

Synonyms
Etymology 1

From Middle English veyn, from Old French vain, from Latin vānus (“empty”).

Etymology 2

A conversion of the adjectival form of vain. The only use of this verb in English appears c. 1628 in the writings of Owen Felltham.

Usage

Commonly used as a predicative adjective after linking verbs like 'be', 'become', or 'seem'.

Pitfall

He did it in vainly.He did it in vain.The fixed phrase 'in vain' (meaning without success) uses the adjective form, not the adverb.

Idioms1 entry

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