written
- 01 A1 Beginner
v.the form of 'write' used after 'have' or 'be'.
v.the past participle of the irregular verb 'write', used to form the present perfect, past perfect, and passive voice.
Simple“She has written several books about her travels in Asia.”
In context“By the time the editor arrived, the journalist had already written the lead story and was beginning the final draft of the editorial.”
PitfallI have wrote three letters today. I have written three letters today.Use 'written' (past participle) with 'have', not 'wrote' (past simple).
- 02 A2 Elementary
adj.expressed in writing rather than spoken.
adj.existing in a physical or digital textual format; often contrasted with oral or verbal communication.
Simple“The teacher asked for a written excuse for his absence.”
In context“The contract requires a written notice of termination at least thirty days prior to the end of the fiscal year.”
- 03 B2 Upper Intermediate
adj.official rules or laws that are recorded in a document.
adj.formally documented or codified, especially in a legal or institutional context.
Simple“The company has a written policy against using phones during meetings.”
In context“The judge noted that while the agreement was understood by both parties, it lacked the weight of a written statute.”
Morphologically write + -en.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.