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agony

n.
US //ˈæɡəni// UK //ˈæɡəni// agony
  1. 1 extreme pain (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    extreme physical or mental pain that is very hard to bear.

    extreme physical suffering or intense mental distress. Often used in the singular to describe a specific episode of suffering.

    Example

    He lay on the ground in agony after breaking his leg during the match.

    Example

    The family waited in agony for news of the survivors, their distress mounting with every hour that passed without a word from the rescue team.

  2. 2 the struggle of dying (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Literary Archaic

    the final struggle or pain someone feels just before they die.

    the final physical struggle or suffering preceding death. Often used in literary or medical contexts to describe the transition to passing.

    Example

    The old stories described the hero's final agony on the battlefield.

    Example

    The poet captures the quiet agony of the fading year, drawing a parallel between the dying light of autumn and the end of a human life.

    • death throes
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  1. 3 religious suffering (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Formal Religion

    the great suffering of Jesus Christ in the Garden of Gethsemane.

    the intense spiritual and physical suffering of Jesus Christ in the Garden of Gethsemane. Usually capitalized in this specific theological context.

    Example

    The painting depicts the Agony in the Garden with dark, moody colours.

    Example

    The theologian argued that the Agony in the Garden represented the ultimate intersection of human fear and divine will.

Origin

14th century, via Old French and Latin from Ancient Greek ἀγωνία (agōnía, “emulation, competition, struggle”), from ἀγών (agṓn, “contest”). Specifically of the struggle that precedes death (mortal agony) from the 1540s. The sense of "extreme pain" from c. 1600.

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