English Reference

Word

average

Phoneticsav·er·age, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈævɝɪdʒ/

UK/ˈævɹɪdʒ/

Definitions

01mathematical mean

A2 · Elementary Countable noun Mathematics

n. the result you get by adding several amounts together and dividing by the number of amounts.

n. the arithmetic mean, calculated by dividing the sum of a set of values by the number of items in that set.

“The average of three, seven, and eight is six.”

“To determine the final grade, the professor calculated the weighted average of the midterm exam and the final project.”

Usage

Often used with the preposition 'of'.

Synonyms

02the usual amount

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun

n. the normal or typical amount for a group of people or things.

n. the typical or common level, degree, or amount within a specific population or context.

“The rainfall this month was well above the average for July.”

“The survey indicates that the average for household spending has risen significantly due to increased energy costs.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

03sports performance

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Sports

n. a number that shows how well a player usually performs.

n. a ratio expressing a player's performance, such as a batting average in baseball or cricket.

“The player finished the season with a very high batting average.”

“Despite a slow start to the tournament, the striker managed to maintain a respectable scoring average over the final ten matches.”

Synonyms

04typical or ordinary

A2 · Elementary

adj. normal and like most others; not special or unusual.

adj. representing the most common or typical instance of a group; lacking distinctive or excellent qualities.

“The average person spends several hours a day on their phone.”

“The film was about an average family living in a quiet suburb, dealing with everyday problems.”

05mediocre

B1 · Intermediate Informal

adj. not very good, but not terrible; just okay.

adj. of medium or low quality; unremarkable or mediocre in performance or character.

“The food at the new restaurant was only average, so we won't go back.”

“While the technical aspects of the performance were sound, the emotional delivery was strictly average and failed to move the audience.”

06to result in a mean

B1 · Intermediate

v. to have a particular amount as an average over a period of time.

v. to amount to or result in a mean value over a specific duration or across a population.

“The tickets average about twenty dollars each if you buy them in a group.”

“The company's profits average five million dollars per year, though this fluctuates depending on seasonal demand.”

Synonyms

amount to

07maritime loss

C2 · Proficiency Uncountable noun Law Technical · Formal

n. money paid to cover damage to goods being moved by ship.

n. the proportional distribution of a financial loss caused by damage to a ship or its cargo among all parties interested in the voyage.

“The shipping company had to calculate the general average after the storm damaged the cargo.”

“Under maritime law, the principle of general average requires all stakeholders to share the costs of any sacrifice made to save the vessel from imminent peril.”

Teaching tip

This is a highly specialized legal and insurance term; learners will rarely encounter it outside of maritime law or shipping contracts.

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “average” in context.

01. average of our writers' 02. average age 03. average rainfall 04. average temperature 05. average over the last 06. average rate 07. average temperatures 08. average percentage 09. average annual

Etymology

Etymology tree Arabic عَوَار (ʕawār) Arabic ـِيّ (-iyy) Proto-Afroasiatic *-t Proto-Semitic *-at- Arabic ـَة (-a) Arabic ـِيَّة (-iyya) Arabic عَوَارِيَّة (ʕawāriyya)? Proto-Indo-European *gʰeh₁bʰ- Proto-Italic *haβēō Latin habeō Old Italian avere? Old Italian avariabor. Old French avarie Middle French avarie Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Italic *-ātos Latin -ātus Proto-Indo-European *-kos Proto-Italic *-kos Latin -cus Latin -icus Latin -āticus Latin -āticum Old French -agebor. Middle English -age English -age English average Not entirely certain. The oldest meaning in English is “customs duty”. Borrowed from Middle French avarie (“damage to ship or cargo”), from Old French avarie, from Old Italian avaria where it is first attested in the 12th century in the context of Mediterranean trade. From there most sources trace it to Arabic عَوَارِيَّة (ʕawāriyya, “damaged goods”), from عَوَار (ʕawār, “fault, blemish, defect, flaw”), from عَوِرَ (ʕawira, “to lose an eye”), but the OED gives it a Romance derivation from Italian avere (“property, goods”) or the like. The English suffix -age was added in analogy to words like damage.

From Middle English average, from Medieval Latin averagium, from aver (“horse or other beast of burden, service required from the same”) from Old English eafor (“obligation to carry goods and convey messages for one's lord”) from aferian (“to remove, take away”); + -age.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Related words

Idioms

Domains

LawMathematicsSportsStatistics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Very common
Level
A2 · ElementaryOxford
Updated

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