English Reference
adjective · verb · noun

bankrupt

adj. · v. · n.
US /ˈbæŋkɹəpt/ UK /bˈæŋkɹʌpt/ bank·rupt UK spelling bankrupted, bankrupting, bankrupts

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Law

    adj.unable to pay your debts and officially declared to have no money by a court.

    adj.legally declared unable to pay outstanding debts or meet financial obligations.

    Simple

    The company went bankrupt after its main factory closed down last year.

    In context

    The retail chain was officially declared bankrupt after failing to secure a rescue deal with its primary creditors.

    Usage

    Commonly follows the verb 'go'.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Finance

    v.to make a person or a business lose all their money.

    v.to reduce a person, business, or country to a state of bankruptcy. Transitive — requires a direct object.

    Simple

    High medical bills can bankrupt a family very quickly in some countries.

    In context

    The aggressive expansion strategy threatened to bankrupt the firm before the new stores could even open their doors.

    ruinimpoverish
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal Law

    n.a person who has been officially judged by a court to be unable to pay their debts.

    n.an individual who has been legally declared insolvent and whose property is administered for the benefit of creditors.

    Simple

    As a registered bankrupt, he was not allowed to act as a company director.

    In context

    The court appointed a trustee to manage the assets of the bankrupt and ensure a fair distribution to the claimants.

It bankrupted the director, and he abandoned Justin's mother Caroline, leaving her with all his debts.

BBC News· 23 Aug 2026

It is no spoiler to reveal that the attempt bankrupted a struggling Scottish economy, hampered already by its overbearing neighbour, England.

The Guardian· 28 Jul 2026

Partial calque of Italian bancarotta (literally “a broken bench”), from banca (“bank”, literally “bench”) + rotta (“broken, rupted”), which refers to an out-of-business bank, having its bench physically broken, signifying that the working moneylender was insolvent.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated