English Reference
noun · verb

brake

n. · v.
US /ˈbɹeɪk/ UK /bɹˈeɪk/ brake UK spelling brakes

  1. 01 A2 Elementary Engineering

    n.the part of a car, bicycle, or machine that makes it slow down or stop.

    n.a mechanical device used to inhibit motion, typically by applying friction to a moving wheel or shaft.

    Simple

    She slammed on the brake when a cat ran across the road.

    In context

    The cyclist checked his rear brake pads for wear before attempting the steep mountain descent.

    Pitfall
    He put his foot on the break. He put his foot on the brake.

    Do not confuse 'brake' (to stop) with 'break' (to damage or a pause).

    acceleratorgas pedal
  2. 02 C2 Proficiency Literary

    n.a small area of land covered with many bushes, trees, or tall ferns.

    n.an area of dense growth, typically consisting of briers, bushes, or thickets of ferns.

    Simple

    The deer disappeared into a thick brake of ferns and was gone.

    In context

    The hunters struggled to navigate the dense cane brake that lined the riverbank, their progress slowed by the tangled vegetation.

    thicketbrushcopse
  3. 03 A2 Elementary

    v.to use the brakes on a vehicle to slow down or stop.

    v.to reduce the speed of a vehicle or machine by applying a braking mechanism.

    Simple

    You should brake gently when the road is wet and slippery.

    In context

    The driver was forced to brake hard to avoid a collision after the car in front stopped without warning.

    Usage

    The verb is often used intransitively.

    decelerateslow
  4. 04 C2 Proficiency ArchaicTechnical Agriculture

    v.to crush or break something, like flax or dough, using a tool.

    v.to bruise, crush, or knead a substance, particularly in the processing of flax or hemp.

    Simple

    The workers had to brake the flax to separate the fibers.

    In context

    In traditional textile production, the stalks were dried and then braked to release the fibers required for spinning into the spinning process.


Etymology 1

Origin uncertain; possibly from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German brake (“nose ring, curb, flax brake”), which according to Watkins is related to sense 4 and from Proto-Germanic *brekaną (“to break”).

Etymology 2

Apparently a shortened form of bracken. (Compare chick, chicken.)

Etymology 3

From Old English bracu, attested in a plural compound form fearnbraca (“thickets of fern”), probably from Proto-Germanic brekaną (“to break”) and influenced by sense 2 (“fern”). Compare Middle Low German brake (“stump, branch”).

Etymology 4

Late Middle English, from Middle Low German brake, Dutch braak, Old Dutch braeke; possibly related to sense 1.

Etymology 5

Uncertain.

Etymology 6

Inflected forms.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin gem-pro *brekaną
Level A2 · Elementary
Frequency Frequent
Updated