ENGLISH
REFERENCE

bum

n. countable
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˈbəm// UK //bˈʌm// bum Archaic Humorous Informal Slang Vulgar

n. a person who avoids work and depends on others for money or support. The word is informal and often used in a negative or mocking way.

n. a person who avoids work and relies on others for financial support. Informal register; frequently considered vulgar or derogatory.


SIMPLE

The manager called him a bum for skipping shifts repeatedly.

CONTEXTUAL

The article criticized the politician for living off government handouts, calling him a lazy bum.

COMPLEX

In the novel, the protagonist's descent into poverty is depicted through his reluctant acceptance of a life defined by the harsh realities of being a bum in a struggling economy.

Synonyms
Usage

Often used in a derogatory or mocking context; typically paired with prepositions like 'on' or 'for' ('a bum on welfare')

Idioms4 entries

© 2026 English Reference