English Reference
noun · adjective

chief

n. · adj.
US /ˈtʃif/ UK /tʃˈiːf/ chief UK spelling chiefs

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the person who is in charge of a group, a tribe, or a department.

    n.the head or leader of an organized body of people, such as a tribe, a police force, or a business unit.

    Simple

    The fire chief arrived at the scene to coordinate the rescue efforts.

    In context

    The tribal chiefs gathered for a summit to discuss land rights and environmental protections for their ancestral territories.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced InformalBritish English

    n.an informal way to address a man, sometimes used in a friendly or slightly rude way.

    n.a colloquial form of address, often used ironically or to assert a casual dominance; it can be perceived as patronizing or offensive in certain cultural contexts.

    Simple

    Excuse me, chief, do you have the time?

    In context

    The shopkeeper's use of 'chief' felt slightly condescending to the younger customers, though he likely intended it as a friendly gesture.

    Teacher's tip

    In North America, using this as a casual address to an Indigenous person is considered highly offensive and should be avoided.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate

    adj.the most important or main part of something.

    adj.principal or most important in rank, importance, or influence.

    Simple

    The chief reason for the delay was the heavy snow on the tracks.

    In context

    The chief architect of the project argued that structural integrity must take precedence over aesthetic flourishes.

    Usage

    Usually placed before the noun it modifies.

Usage chief executive · chief of staff · chief technology

Hamas calls on Board of Peace to ‘compel’ Israel to accept the Gaza peace plan after the Palestinian group, led by political chief al-Hayya, met with Kushner in Egypt.

Al Jazeera· 17 Aug 2026

Earlier, Hamas leader Khalil Al-Hayya met with Egypt's intelligence chief ‌Hassan Rashad in Cairo.

BreakingNews.ie· 16 Aug 2026

From Middle English cheef, chef, from Old French chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Proto-Italic kaput, from Proto-Indo-European káput. Doublet of cape (“point of land”), capo, caput, and chef through Latin (possibly also related to cape (“sleeveless garment”) and cap (“head covering”) from Latin cappa); doublet of head and Howth through Proto-Indo-European.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *káput
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Very common
Updated