Word
citation
Phoneticsci·ta·tion, stress on the second syllable
US/saɪˈteɪʃən/
UK/saɪtˈeɪʃən/
Definitions
01academic reference
B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Academic
n. a note in a piece of writing that tells the reader where a piece of information or a quote came from.
n. a formal reference to a published or unpublished source, typically following a specific bibliographical style.
“You must include a citation for every quote you use in your essay.”
“The professor noted that the student's argument was well-supported, though several citations in the bibliography failed to follow the required style guide.”
Synonyms
02legal summons
B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Law Formal
n. an official paper from the police or a court that tells you to appear for a minor crime.
n. an official notice or summons to appear before a court, especially for a minor legal infraction.
“The officer gave him a citation for speeding in a school zone.”
“Failure to respond to the traffic citation within thirty days may result in a bench warrant being issued for your arrest.”
03award for achievement
C1 · Advanced Countable noun Formal
n. a formal statement that praises someone for doing something brave or important.
n. a formal commendation or public statement praising a person or group for a specific act of bravery or achievement.
“The soldier received a citation for his bravery during the rescue mission.”
“The university president read a special citation honouring the researcher's lifelong contribution to the field of molecular biology.”
Synonyms
Real-World Examples
“The State Department’s report summarizes large portions of that book’s arguments without citation, particularly in its attention to the Tricontinental’s historical relationship with the U.S.” “The “citations … appear to be AI hallucinated, rather than being based on real sources,” it said.” Word family
VERB
NOUN
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
- Frequency
- Frequent
- Level
- B2 · Upper Intermediate
- Updated
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QR code
englishreference.com/q/citation