English Reference

Word

draconian

Phoneticsdra·co·ni·an

US/dɹeɪˈkoʊniən/

UK/dɹækˈəʊniən/

Definition

adj. extremely harsh or severe, especially when talking about laws or rules. You use this to describe punishments that seem much stronger than the crime deserves.

adj. characterised by extreme severity or harshness, particularly in relation to laws, rules, or penalties. Often used to describe measures that are perceived as disproportionate to the offence.

Examples

“The school has draconian rules about wearing uniforms.”

“Critics argued that the new draconian security measures would infringe on the basic rights of citizens.”

“The government faced widespread protests after implementing draconian austerity measures that significantly reduced public spending on essential social services.”

Examples

simple

“The school has draconian rules about wearing uniforms.”

contextual

“Critics argued that the new draconian security measures would infringe on the basic rights of citizens.”

complex

“The government faced widespread protests after implementing draconian austerity measures that significantly reduced public spending on essential social services.”

Usage

Typically used to modify nouns like 'laws', 'measures', 'penalties', or 'rules'.

Real-World Examples

“The English word “draconian”, meaning “excessively harsh” or “very severe” is derived from the Draconian Constitution, which is remembered for its severity.”
GreekReporter.com · 5 Jun 2026
“The draconian mass incarceration policy of El Salvador’s president, Nayib Bukele, may have led to crimes against humanity, according to a new study by legal experts.”
The Guardian · 11 Mar 2026
“The draconian ban came in on 28 August 2017, threatening up to four years’ imprisonment or fines of $40,000 (£31,000) for anyone producing, selling – or even just carrying – a plastic bag.”
The Guardian · 25 Apr 2018
“Castro’s draconian rule and the harsh punishments he meted out to dissidents kept his repressive system rooted firmly in place for decades.”
The Guardian · 27 Nov 2016

Etymology

From Latin Dracō (stem Dracōn-) + -ian, itself from Ancient Greek Δράκων (Drákōn), after the Athenian lawmaker Draco, whose laws were severe. The Greek δράκων (drákōn) means "dragon".

From Latin dracō ("dragon", stem dracōn-) + -ian. The adjective attaches the English suffix to the stem of the Latin word for dragon, itself a borrowing from Greek δράκων ("serpent, giant seafish"). The classical etymology offers no hint of the severity to come; that association arrived later, by a different route.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domain

Law

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Occasional
Updated

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English Reference