English Reference
noun

essence

n.
US /ˈɛsəns/ UK /ˈɛsəns/ essence UK spelling essence's, essence's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the most important quality or feature of something that makes it what it is.

    the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something, especially something abstract, that determines its character.

    Simple

    The essence of his argument was that we need to protect the environment for our children.

    In context

    The artist managed to capture the very essence of the rugged coastline using only a few bold strokes of charcoal.

    Usage

    Often used in the phrase 'in essence' to summarise a complex point.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Technical Cooking

    a strong liquid taken from a plant or food, used for its smell or taste.

    a concentrated substance or extract obtained from a plant, drug, or foodstuff by distillation or similar processes.

    Simple

    Add two drops of vanilla essence to the cake mixture for a better flavour.

    In context

    The recipe requires a high-quality almond essence, as synthetic substitutes often fail to provide the necessary depth of aroma.

    Usage

    Commonly used in culinary and pharmaceutical contexts.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal Law

    used to say that something is extremely important and must be done quickly.

    a fixed idiomatic expression indicating that a particular factor, usually time, is a critical requirement.

    Simple

    Please send the documents immediately because time is of the essence.

    In context

    In emergency surgery, time is of the essence, and every second saved increases the patient's chances of a full recovery.

    Teacher's tip

    This is almost exclusively used with 'time' in professional or legal contexts.

Spain is in essence joining the global shift towards digital, with fewer paper copies sold every year and all the leading national newspapers and many regional dailies turning to a subscription-based model to survive.

The Local· 26 Jan 2022

Each lineage, in essence, independently continued tweaking and enhancing how its ribosomes worked.

Smithsonian Magazine· 5 Aug 2026

From Middle English essence, from Middle French essence, from Latin essentia (“the being or essence of a thing”), from an artificial formation of esse (“to be”), to translate Ancient Greek οὐσία (ousía, “being”), from ὤν (ṓn), present participle of εἰμί (eimí, “to be, exist”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Ancient Greek οὐσία
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated