English Reference
noun · verb

fabric

n. · v.
US /ˈfæbɹɪk/ UK /fˈæbɹɪk/ fab·ric UK spelling fabric's, fabric's

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    n.cloth or material used for making clothes, curtains, or furniture covers.

    n.a material produced by weaving, knitting, or felting fibres; textile.

    Simple

    The dress was made from a soft, expensive fabric that felt like silk.

    In context

    The designer selected a durable synthetic fabric for the upholstery to ensure it could withstand heavy use in a commercial setting.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the basic structure of a society, system, or organization.

    n.the essential structure or framework of a society, culture, or complex system.

    Simple

    Drug abuse can damage the social fabric of a small community.

    In context

    The revolution fundamentally altered the social fabric of the nation, dismantling centuries-old hierarchies within a single decade.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced FormalTechnical

    n.the physical parts of a building, such as the walls and roof.

    n.the physical substance and structural components of a building or edifice.

    Simple

    The charity raised money to repair the fabric of the old church.

    In context

    The survey revealed that while the interior was modernised, the original Victorian fabric of the warehouse remained largely intact.

  4. 04 C2 Proficiency Technical Computing

    n.a network of connected parts that work together like a woven cloth.

    n.a high-performance network topology consisting of interconnected nodes and switches.

    Simple

    The data centre uses a high-speed switching fabric to move information quickly.

    In context

    The architect designed a unified fabric to manage storage and compute resources across the entire enterprise cloud environment.

  5. 05 C2 Proficiency Technical Science

    n.the type of clay or material used to make an old pot.

    n.the physical composition and texture of a ceramic or lithic artifact.

    Simple

    The archaeologist identified the pot's origin by looking at the fabric of the clay.

    In context

    Petrographic analysis of the ceramic fabric suggested that the vessels were manufactured locally rather than imported from the coast.

  6. 06 C2 Proficiency Technical

    v.to cover a surface with fabric.

    v.to apply a textile covering to a surface or structure.

    Simple

    The wings of the early aircraft were fabricked with treated linen.

    In context

    The restoration team carefully fabricked the interior panels of the vintage car using period-accurate woollen cloth.

    coverupholster
Don't confuse

fabric vs factory — Fabric is the material used to make clothes, while a factory is the building where goods are manufactured.

The following day, Deivi spotted a piece of fabric in the rubble and recognised it as his grandmother's floral skirt.

BBC News· 14 Aug 2026

Borrowed from French fabrique, from Latin fabrica (“a workshop, art, trade, product of art, structure, fabric”), from faber (“artisan, workman”). Doublet of fabrica, borrowed from Latin, and forge, borrowed from Old French.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin fabrica
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated