English Reference
adjective · noun

federal

adj. · n.
US /ˈfɛdɝəɫ/ UK /fˈɛdəɹəl/ fed·er·al UK spelling federals

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Academic Law

    adj.relating to the central government of a country, rather than the government of one state or city.

    adj.pertaining to the national level of government in a federation, as distinct from state or local jurisdictions.

    Simple

    The federal government is responsible for the country's defense and foreign policy.

    In context

    Federal authorities intervened when it became clear that the state's environmental regulations were in direct conflict with national statutes.

    Usage

    Usually placed before the noun it modifies.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced AcademicFormal Law

    adj.describing a system where several states join together but keep some of their own laws.

    adj.relating to a system of government in which several states form a unity but remain independent in internal affairs.

    Simple

    The country has a federal system where each state has its own governor.

    In context

    The debate centered on whether a federal structure could sufficiently protect the rights of ethnic minorities within the autonomous regions.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate American EnglishInformal Law

    n.an agent or official who works for the central government, especially in law enforcement.

    n.a federal agent or law enforcement official belonging to a national bureau.

    Simple

    In the movie, the bank robbers were chased by the federals.

    In context

    The suspect realized he was being watched not by local police, but by the federals, which meant the investigation was much larger than he thought.

    Teacher's tip

    In casual speech, this is often shortened to 'feds'.

  4. 04 C2 Proficiency American EnglishArchaic

    n.a soldier who fought for the North (the Union) during the American Civil War.

    n.a supporter of the Union or a soldier in the Union army during the American Civil War.

    Simple

    The old diary was written by a federal who fought at the Battle of Gettysburg.

    In context

    Historical accounts from the 1860s often refer to the movement of the federals across the southern border states during the winter campaign.

Usage federal government · federal court · federal judge

New York State’s generous health plan for working-class people was hit hard by federal funding cuts.

The New York Times· 13 Aug 2026

Federal Medicaid dollars can no longer pay for gender-affirming care for youth.

NPR· 14 Aug 2026
This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Very common
Updated