ENGLISH
REFERENCE

fermentation

n. uncountable
B2 Upper Intermediate US //ˌfɝmənˈteɪʃən// UK //fɜːmɪntˈeɪʃən// fer·men·ta·tion

n. the natural process where tiny living things like yeast or bacteria change sugar into alcohol or gas. This is how bread rises and how grapes turn into wine.

n. a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. In biochemistry, it refers specifically to the extraction of energy from carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen.


SIMPLE

The fermentation of the dough takes several hours.

CONTEXTUAL

Traditional kimchi relies on the natural fermentation of cabbage and spices to develop its signature sour flavor.

COMPLEX

Industrial fermentation processes are now used to produce not only food and beverages but also biofuels and pharmaceutical compounds like insulin on a massive scale.

Synonyms
Origin

From Middle English fermentacioun, from Latin fermentātiō, fermentātiōnem. By surface analysis, ferment + -ation.

Usage

Uncountable when referring to the chemical process; can be countable when referring to specific batches or types of the process.

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