English Reference

Word

inclusion

Phoneticsin·clu·sion, stress on the second syllable

US/ˌɪnˈkɫuʒən/

UK/ɪnklˈuːʒən/

Definitions

01the act of including

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the act of making someone or something part of a group or list.

n. the act of including or the state of being included within a group, set, or category.

“The inclusion of her name on the guest list made her very happy.”

“The inclusion of diverse perspectives in the initial planning phase ensured that the final policy was robust and widely accepted.”

02social/educational practice

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. the practice of making sure everyone is treated fairly and has the same opportunities.

n. the policy or practice of providing equal access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded or marginalised.

“The school has a strong policy on the inclusion of students with disabilities.”

“Corporate social responsibility initiatives often focus on diversity and inclusion to foster a more equitable workplace environment.”

03something added

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a person or thing that is added to a group or collection.

n. a person or thing that is included within a larger group, set, or total.

“The new player was a great inclusion to the team.”

“The editor decided that the inclusion of the final chapter was necessary to provide a sense of closure to the narrative.”

Synonyms

04material defect

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Science Technical

n. a small piece of different material trapped inside a rock or metal.

n. a solid, liquid, or gaseous foreign body enclosed within a mineral, metal, or other material.

“The diamond was cheaper because it had a small inclusion inside it.”

“Geologists examine fluid inclusions within quartz crystals to determine the temperature and pressure conditions during the mineral's formation.”

Synonyms

05mathematical mapping

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Mathematics Technical

n. a way to show that one set of numbers fits inside another set.

n. an injective function where each element of a subset is mapped to itself as an element of the containing set.

“The teacher explained the inclusion of whole numbers within the set of all integers.”

“In set theory, the inclusion map provides a formal way to treat a subset as part of a larger codomain without changing the elements.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “inclusion” in context.

Verb

01. measure inclusion

“The HR department developed a new survey to measure inclusion within the company's diverse workforce.”

verb + noun

Noun

02. inclusion of

“The inclusion of diverse perspectives in the board meeting led to a more innovative solution.”

noun + prep

03. social inclusion

“The charity works tirelessly to promote social inclusion for marginalized groups in the city.”

adj + noun

04. strategy inclusion

“The government's digital strategy inclusion aims to provide internet access to rural communities.”

noun + noun

Real-World Examples

“Trump’s second term ushered in a backlash towards policies broadly considered to be part of the “diversity, equity and inclusion” movement, or DEI.”
Al Jazeera 15 Aug 2026
“U2 – Electrical Storm (William Orbit mix) (2002) There’s a distinct note of what-if about the two tracks Orbit produced for inclusion on U2’s greatest hits album, The Best of 1990-2000.”
The Guardian 7 Aug 2026

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin inclusio, inclusionis, from the verb Latin inclūdō (“to shut in, enclose, insert”), from in- (“in”) + claudō (“to shut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“key, hook, nail”). By surface analysis, include + -sion. Doublet of enclosure.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

NOUN

inclusion(C1)

ADJECTIVE

Domain

Mathematics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Common
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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