English Reference
adjective

indigenous

adj.
US /ˌɪnˈdɪdʒənəs/ UK /ɪndˈɪdʒənəs/ in·dige·nous

  1. 01 C1 Advanced FormalAcademic

    belonging to the first group of people to live in a country, especially before others arrived and took control.

    relating to the original inhabitants of a territory, particularly in contrast to later colonial settlers.

    Simple

    The museum features art created by the indigenous people of the Amazon rainforest.

    In context

    The government is currently reviewing legislation to better protect the land rights of indigenous communities across the northern territories.

    Usage

    Often capitalized (Indigenous) when referring to specific ethnic groups or legal identities.

    nativeaboriginalautochthonous
  2. 02 C1 Advanced TechnicalAcademic Science

    living or growing naturally in a particular place rather than being brought there from somewhere else.

    originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native to a specific ecosystem.

    Simple

    The park is home to many indigenous plants that can survive with very little water.

    In context

    Biologists are concerned that the introduction of non-native trout will outcompete the indigenous species for limited food resources in the lake.

  3. 03 C2 Proficiency LiteraryArchaic

    a quality or feeling that you are born with.

    existing within a person from birth; innate or inherent to one's nature.

    Simple

    He believed that a sense of justice was indigenous to the human heart.

    In context

    The philosopher argued that certain moral intuitions are indigenous to the mind rather than being products of social conditioning.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is rare in modern speech; 'innate' or 'inherent' are much more common in contemporary English.

Gyan Rani belongs to the Gond tribe, one of central India's oldest Indigenous communities, recognised as a Scheduled Tribe in Madhya Pradesh.

Al Jazeera· 15 Aug 2026

At the end of each episode we are reminded that there are more Indigenous children in the care system than ever before.

The Guardian· 15 Aug 2026

Borrowed from Late Latin indigenus (“native, born in a country”), from indi- (indu-), an old derivative of in (“in”), gen- the root of gignō (“give birth to”), and English -ous. Compare indigene, Ancient Greek ἐνδογενής (endogenḗs, “born in the house”), and the separately formed piecewise doublet endogenous. Unrelated to Indian.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated