English Reference

Word

kindle

Phoneticskin·dle

US/ˈkɪndəɫ/

UK/kˈɪndəl/

Definitions

01to start a fire

C1

v. to start a fire or make something start burning.

v. to set fire to or ignite a combustible material. Transitive when used with an object like 'fire' or 'coals'.

“He used small dry sticks to kindle the campfire in the woods.”

“The campers gathered dry brushwood and birch bark to kindle a small blaze before the damp evening air could settle in.”

Literary

Usage

Often used with 'fire', 'flame', or 'coals'.

Synonyms

Antonyms

02to inspire a feeling

C1

v. to start a strong feeling, such as interest, hope, or love.

v. to arouse, inspire, or call forth an emotion or interest. Frequently used in the passive voice or with abstract nouns.

“The teacher's stories helped kindle a love of history in the students.”

“The professor's lecture on ancient civilizations served to kindle a lifelong fascination with archaeology in several of her undergraduate students.”

Literary

Antonyms

03a group of kittens

C2

n. a rare word for a group of kittens born at the same time.

n. a collective noun for a brood or litter of kittens.

“The old book mentioned a kindle of kittens hiding in the barn.”

“In traditional venery prose, one might encounter the term 'kindle' to describe a litter of kittens, though the term has largely vanished from modern usage.”

Archaic

Teaching tip

This sense is extremely rare and archaic; learners should use 'litter' in modern contexts.

Synonyms

Real-World Examples

“That has kindled fears of a US military intervention on Brazilian soil or interference in Brazil’s presidential election.”
The Guardian · 16 Aug 2026
“That survey records respondents’ activities over one 24-hour “diary day.” The survey’s definition of reading includes time spent reading printed books or magazines, reading on a Kindle or other e-reader, and listening to audiobooks.”
The Conversation · 4 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English kyndelen, from Old Norse kynda (“to inflame”), from Proto-Germanic *kundijaną.

From Middle English kyndel, from kynde + -el. The verb is derived from the noun form by conversion.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

kindleVerbrekindleVerb

Related words

This entry

Level
C2 · Proficiency
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

Scan code

englishreference.com/q/kindle

English Reference