landscape
- 01 B1 Intermediate
n.the visible features of an area of land, including hills, trees, and buildings.
n.the visible features of an area of land, considered in terms of their aesthetic or geographical appeal.
Simple“The desert landscape was beautiful but very dry and rocky.”
In context“The rugged landscape of the Scottish Highlands attracts thousands of hikers and photographers every year.”
Synonyms - 02 B2 Upper Intermediate
n.a picture or painting that shows a natural scene like a forest or valley.
n.a genre of art or a specific work depicting natural inland scenery.
Simple“She prefers painting landscapes rather than people.”
In context“The gallery features several nineteenth-century landscapes that capture the dramatic light of the English countryside.”
- 03 B1 Intermediate
n.a way of printing a document so that the page is wider than it is tall.
n.a page orientation in which the horizontal dimension is greater than the vertical dimension.
Simple“You should print the spreadsheet in landscape so all the columns fit.”
In context“The default setting is portrait, but for wide tables, the landscape orientation is much more practical.”
UsageOften used as a modifier before 'mode' or 'orientation'.
SynonymsAntonyms - 04 C1 Advanced
n.the general situation or set of conditions in a particular area of activity.
n.the metaphorical environment or state of affairs within a specific field or industry.
Simple“The political landscape has changed a lot since the last election.”
In context“Recent technological advancements have completely transformed the competitive landscape of the telecommunications industry.”
Synonyms - 05 B2 Upper Intermediate
v.to improve the appearance of an area of land by planting trees or flowers.
v.to modify the visible features of an area of land for aesthetic or functional purposes.
Simple“They hired a professional to landscape their backyard.”
In context“The developers spent a significant portion of the budget to landscape the corporate campus with native plants and walking paths.”
Synonymsgardenbeautify
“Countries across Europe were battling a wave of new wildfires Friday as blistering temperatures and tinder-dry landscapes made for dangerous conditions.”
“Spain often gets referred to as a land of contrasts due to its regional differences, varying landscapes, rich gastronomy and different languages.”
From an alteration (due to Dutch landschap) of earlier landskip, lantschip, from Middle English landschippe, landschapp, from Old English landsċipe, landsċeap (“region, district, tract of land”); in some senses from Dutch landschap (“region, district, province, landscape”), from Middle Dutch landscap, lantscap (“region”), from Old Dutch landskepi, landskapi (“region”). Cognate with Scots landskape, landskep, landskip (“landscape”), West Frisian lânskip (“landscape”), Low German landschop (“landscape, district”), German Landschaft (“landscape, countryside, scenery”), Danish landskab (“landscape, countryside”), Swedish landskap (“landscape, scenery, province”), Icelandic landskapur (“countryside”). By surface analysis, land + -ship.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.