English Reference
noun · adjective · verb

motive

n. · adj. · v.
US /ˈmoʊtɪv/ UK /mˈəʊtɪv/ mo·tive UK spelling motived, motives, motiving

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the reason why you do something, especially a reason that other people might not know.

    n.the psychological or situational incentive that prompts a specific choice or action.

    Simple

    The police are still trying to find a motive for the robbery.

    In context

    The investigator questioned whether the CEO had a financial motive for leaking the confidential merger details to the press.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Law

    n.the specific reason why someone would want to commit a crime.

    n.the specific cause or drive behind criminal behaviour, often used in legal contexts to establish intent.

    Simple

    The lawyer argued that his client had no motive to hurt the victim.

    In context

    In a criminal trial, establishing a clear motive can be as crucial as providing physical evidence to convince a jury of the defendant's guilt.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced British EnglishSlang

    n.a plan to go out or a social event like a party.

    n.a planned social gathering or an intention to meet friends for an event.

    Simple

    Are you coming to the motive at Sarah's house tonight?

    In context

    They were looking for a motive after the concert, but most of the local clubs had already reached capacity.

  4. 04 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    adj.describing something that provides the power to move.

    adj.relating to motion or providing the force that produces movement.

    Simple

    Steam provided the motive power for the first trains.

    In context

    The engineer explained that the motive force behind the turbine was high-pressure gas rather than liquid fuel.

    Usage

    Usually placed before the noun it modifies.

  5. 05 C2 Proficiency Formal

    v.to give someone a reason to act or to encourage them to do something.

    v.to prompt or incite an individual to action by providing a motive.

    Simple

    The desire for fame can motive people to work very hard.

    In context

    The promise of a significant bonus was intended to motive the sales team toward exceeding their quarterly targets.

    Usage

    This verb is transitive and requires a direct object.

Police did not immediately release details about a possible motive, saying the investigation remained ongoing.

The Guardian· 16 Aug 2026

Photograph: Jim West/Alamy Such ideas about how aliens would act are fundamentally anthropocentric, imagining that any intelligent species would be driven by the same motives we are: love of knowledge and love of power.

The Guardian· 11 Aug 2026

From Middle English motif, from Anglo-Norman motif, Middle French motif, and their source, Late Latin motivum (“motive, moving cause”), neuter of motivus.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin la-lat motivum
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated