English Reference
adjective · noun

northern

adj. · n.
US /ˈnɔɹðɝn/ UK /nˈɔːðən/ north·ern UK spelling northerns

  1. 01 A2 Elementary

    adj.located in the north or facing toward the north.

    adj.situated in, directed toward, or relating to the north.

    Simple

    The northern coast of the island is famous for its high cliffs.

    In context

    The northern boundary of the national park is defined by a rugged mountain range that remains snow-capped for most of the year.

    borealnortherly
  2. 02 B1 Intermediate General-service

    adj.related to the culture, people, or accent of a specific northern region, like the North of England.

    adj.characteristic of the inhabitants or culture of a specific northern territory, often requiring capitalisation when referring to a defined political or cultural region.

    Simple

    He has a strong northern accent that shows he grew up in Manchester.

    In context

    The candidate focused her campaign on northern industrial towns, promising to revitalise the local economies through infrastructure investment.

    Usage

    Often capitalised (Northern) when referring to a specific cultural or political entity.

    Teacher's tip

    In the UK, this almost always refers to the North of England; in the US, it refers to the states above the Mason-Dixon line.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate American EnglishInformal Cooking

    n.a common name for the northern pike, a large freshwater fish.

    n.a common name for the northern pike (Esox lucius), a predatory freshwater fish species.

    Simple

    He spent the whole afternoon at the lake trying to catch a large northern.

    In context

    Anglers prize the northern for its aggressive strike and the significant challenge it presents during the summer fishing season.

    Usage

    Commonly used as a countable noun in angling contexts.

    Teacher's tip

    This usage is very common among fishers in the Midwestern United States and Canada.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate Informal

    n.someone who lives in or comes from a northern part of a country.

    n.an inhabitant or native of a northern region.

    Simple

    As a northern, she found the heat of the tropical summer very difficult.

    In context

    The demographic shift saw many northerns moving to the coastal regions in search of milder winter climates.

    Teacher's tip

    While 'northerner' is the standard term, 'northern' is sometimes used as a noun in specific regional dialects.

    northerner
    southernsoutherner

Usage northern coast · northern hemisphere · northern parts

This entry
Level B1 · Intermediate
Frequency Very common
Updated