English Reference

Word

perpetual

Phoneticsper·pet·u·al, stress on the second syllable

US/pɝˈpɛtʃuəɫ/

UK/pəpˈɛtʃuːəl/

Definitions

01lasting forever

C1 · Advanced Formal

adj. lasting forever or for a very long time.

adj. lasting for an indefinitely long period or for eternity. Often used in legal or formal contexts to describe agreements or states.

“The two countries signed a treaty of perpetual peace to end the war.”

“The trust was established to provide perpetual funding for the library, ensuring its operations would continue long after the original donors had passed.”

Antonyms

02flowering all season

C2 · Proficiency Botany Technical

adj. describing a plant that produces flowers throughout the whole growing season.

adj. producing a succession of flowers throughout the growing season rather than blooming only once.

“These perpetual roses will keep your garden colourful until the first frost.”

“The hybrid perpetual roses became immensely popular in the nineteenth century due to their ability to bloom reliably in both spring and autumn.”

Synonyms

ever-blooming

Real-World Examples

“However, there is one that has eluded him and he’s now in a perpetual hunt for it: Walls’ Midnight Mint – a brown choc ice wrapper with an owl on it.”
The Guardian 11 Aug 2026
“A perpetual caveat: Power plant technologies have important differences to keep in mind when comparing generating capacity.”
Ars Technica 15 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English perpetuel, from Old French perpetuel, from Latin perpetuālis (“universal”), from perpetuus, from petō.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

ADJECTIVE

perpetual(C1)

Domain

Botany

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Frequent
Level
C1 · Advanced
Updated

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English Reference