English Reference

Word

eternal

Phoneticseter·nal

US/iˈtɝnəɫ/

UK/ɪtˈɜːnəl/

Definitions

01lasting forever

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. lasting forever; having no beginning and no end.

adj. lasting or existing forever; without end or beginning.

“The poet wrote about his eternal love for his wife.”

“Ancient philosophers often debated whether the universe was eternal or if it had a specific moment of creation.”

02outside of time

C1 · Advanced Religion Academic · Formal

adj. existing outside of time rather than just lasting a long time.

adj. existing outside of the flow of time; often contrasted with 'sempiternal' in theological or philosophical contexts.

“In many religions, the soul is considered eternal and does not age.”

“Theologians distinguish between the eternal nature of the divine and the temporal existence of humanity.”

Synonyms

timelesschangeless

Antonyms

03constant or annoying

B2 · Upper Intermediate Informal

adj. happening all the time in a way that is boring or annoying.

adj. seeming to last forever due to constant repetition or persistence; often used to express frustration.

“I am tired of their eternal arguments about who should wash the dishes.”

“The project was delayed by the eternal bureaucracy of the local government, with every form requiring multiple signatures.”

Synonyms

ceaselessinterminableconstant

Antonyms

04an immortal being

C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Literary

n. someone or something that lives forever.

n. a being that is immortal or exists forever.

“The old legends tell stories of the eternals who watched over the forest.”

“In the epic poem, the protagonist seeks the wisdom of the eternals to understand the fate of his kingdom.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “eternal” in context.

Verb

01. promise eternal life

“Many religions promise eternal life to those who follow their spiritual teachings.”

verb + adj + noun

02. seek eternal youth

“The billionaire spent a fortune on experimental treatments, seeking eternal youth.”

verb + adj + noun

Adjective

03. eternal flame

“The monument features an eternal flame that burns in memory of the fallen soldiers.”

adj + noun

04. eternal gratitude

“I owe you my eternal gratitude for helping me through that difficult period.”

adj + noun

05. eternal optimist

“Despite the constant setbacks, Sarah remains an eternal optimist about the future.”

adj + noun

06. eternal triangle

“The play explores the classic theme of the eternal triangle involving a husband, wife, and lover.”

adj + noun

Noun

07. state of eternal flux

“In the modern tech industry, software development is in a state of eternal flux.”

noun + of + noun

Real-World Examples

“Society’s needs always change, while many foundations’ missions are intended to satisfy a specific need that’s not eternal.”
The Conversation 16 Jul 2026
“It’s the eternal energy of London, written on skin and flesh; rage and laughter, smiles and tears.”
The Guardian 13 Aug 2026
“For generations of callers trapped on hold, listening to its endlessly looping melody as time ticks by, it has become the soundtrack to life’s eternal questions: What is this?”
Smithsonian Magazine 24 Jul 2026

Etymology

From Middle English eternal, from Old French eternal, from Late Latin aeternālis, from Latin aeternus (“eternal”), from aevum (“age”). Displaced native Old English ēċe.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

ADJECTIVE

eternal(C1)

Related words

Idioms

Domain

Philosophy

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Common
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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