Word
plague
US/ˈpɫeɪɡ/
UK/plˈeɪɡ/
Definitions
01disease
B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Medicine
n. a very serious disease that spreads quickly and kills many people.
n. a contagious bacterial disease characterized by fever and delirium, typically referring to the bubonic plague.
“In the Middle Ages, the plague killed millions of people across Europe.”
“Historians estimate that the bubonic plague wiped out nearly a third of the European population during the fourteenth century.”
Synonyms
02infestation
B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun
n. a large number of harmful insects or animals that arrive at the same time.
n. an unusually large and destructive influx or infestation of insects or animals.
“The farmers lost their entire crop after a plague of locusts hit the region.”
“The region suffered a devastating plague of rodents that contaminated the grain stores and threatened the local food supply.”
Synonyms
03to cause trouble
B2 · Upper Intermediate
v. to cause someone or something a lot of trouble or pain over a long time.
v. to afflict a person, place, or entity with persistent trouble, distress, or calamity.
“Injuries continued to plague the athlete throughout her professional career.”
“The administration was plagued by corruption scandals that undermined public confidence in the new legislative reforms.”
04to annoy
C1 · Advanced Informal
v. to annoy someone by asking them questions or bothering them constantly.
v. to pester or harass someone incessantly with questions, requests, or complaints.
“The reporters began to plague the actor with questions about his private life.”
“Persistent telemarketers continued to plague the household with unsolicited calls despite their registration on the do-not-call list.”
Real-World Examples
“Although plague is no longer a major public health threat in Europe, the disease has not disappeared.” “Fed up with a neighbour over an issue that has been plaguing your peace of mind?” Etymology
From Middle English plage, borrowed from Old French plage, from Latin plāga (“blow, wound”), from plangō (“to strike”). Cognate with Middle Dutch plāghe (> Dutch plaag), plāghen (> Dutch plagen); Middle Low German plāge; Middle High German plāge, pflāge (> German Plage); plāgen (> German plagen); Swedish plåga; French plaie, Occitan plaga. Doublet of plaga. Displaced native Old English wōl.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
Idioms
01. be at the plague
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
- Frequency
- Frequent
- Level
- B2 · Upper Intermediate
- Updated
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